<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE article
PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20190208//EN"
       "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.4" xml:lang="en">
 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Солнечно-земная физика</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="online">2712-9640</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">103549</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12737/szf-113202501</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>ДВАДЦАТАЯ ЕЖЕГОДНАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ «ФИЗИКА ПЛАЗМЫ В СОЛНЕЧНОЙ СИСТЕМЕ», 10–14 ФЕВРАЛЯ 2025 Г., ИНСТИТУТ КОСМИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ РАН, МОСКВА, РОССИЯ</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>20TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE “PLASMA PHYSICS IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM”. FEBRUARY 10–14, 2025, SPACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE RAS, MOSCOW, RUSSIA</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>ДВАДЦАТАЯ ЕЖЕГОДНАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ «ФИЗИКА ПЛАЗМЫ В СОЛНЕЧНОЙ СИСТЕМЕ», 10–14 ФЕВРАЛЯ 2025 Г., ИНСТИТУТ КОСМИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ РАН, МОСКВА, РОССИЯ</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Processes of acceleration and transfer of electrons in a pulse circular ribbon flare</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Процессы ускорения и переноса электронов в импульсной круговой ленточной вспышке</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1589-556X</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Алтынцев</surname>
       <given-names>Александр Тимофеевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Altyntsev</surname>
       <given-names>Alexander Timofeevich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор физико-математических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of physical and mathematical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6873-6394</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Мешалкина</surname>
       <given-names>Наталия Сергеевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Meshalkina</surname>
       <given-names>Nataliya Sergeevna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>nata@iszf.irk.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат физико-математических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Анфиногентов</surname>
       <given-names>Сергей Александрович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Anfinogentov</surname>
       <given-names>Sergey Aleksandrovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>anfinogentov@iszf.irk.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат физико-математических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Жданов</surname>
       <given-names>Дмитрий Андреевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Zhdanov</surname>
       <given-names>Dmitriy Andreevich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>zhdanov@iszf.irk.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8530-7030</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Мышьяков</surname>
       <given-names>Иван Иванович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Myshyakov</surname>
       <given-names>Ivan Ivanovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>ivan_m@iszf.irk.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат физико-математических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7712-9330</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Иванов</surname>
       <given-names>Евгений Федорович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Ivanov</surname>
       <given-names>Evgeniy Fedorovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>eugenessrt@gmail.com</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Тань</surname>
       <given-names>Чэнмин </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Tan</surname>
       <given-names>Chengming </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>tanchengming@nssc.ac.cn</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>У</surname>
       <given-names>Чжао </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Wu</surname>
       <given-names>Zhao </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>wuzhao@sdu.edu.cn</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-9"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН</institution>
     <city>Иркутск</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Solar Terrestrial Physics SB RAS</institution>
     <city>Irkutsk</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН</institution>
     <city>Иркутск</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Solar Terrestrial Physics SB RAS</institution>
     <city>Irkutsk</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН</institution>
     <city>Иркутск</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS</institution>
     <city>Irkutsk</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН</institution>
     <city>Иркутск</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Solar Terrestrial Physics SB RAS</institution>
     <city>Irkutsk</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-5">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН</institution>
     <city>Иркутск</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS</institution>
     <city>Irkutsk</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-6">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН</institution>
     <city>Иркутск</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Solar Terrestrial Physics SB RAS</institution>
     <city>Irkutsk</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-7">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Государственная ключевая лаборатория солнечной активности и космической погоды, Национальный научный космический центр КАН</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center CAS</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-8">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Школа космических наук и физики, Шандоньский университет</institution>
     <city>Вейхай</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">School of Space Science and Physics, Shandong University</institution>
     <city>Weihai</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-9">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Лаборатория электромагнитного детектирования, Институт космических наук, Шаньдуньский университет</institution>
     <city>Вэйхай</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Laboratory for Electromagnetic Detection, Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University</institution>
     <city>Weihai</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-22T08:08:22+03:00">
    <day>22</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-22T08:08:22+03:00">
    <day>22</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>11</volume>
   <issue>3</issue>
   <fpage>5</fpage>
   <lpage>15</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-06T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>06</day>
     <month>03</month>
     <year>2025</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-05-28T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>28</day>
     <month>05</month>
     <year>2025</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/103549/view">https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/103549/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Обсуждаются ускорение и перенос электронов в круговой вспышке SOL2024-03-25T06: 37:00 рентгеновского класса М4.4, отличающейся рекордно короткой длительностью импульса жестких излучений. Использованы радиоданные в диапазоне 0.1–40 ГГц, включая изображения вспышечной области в диапазоне частот Сибирского радиогелиографа. Микроволновое и жесткое рентгеновское излучения генерируются в окрестности магнитного домена при взаимодействии жгутов, видимых в области 1600 Å. Импульсная стадия заканчивалась коротким пиком длительностью менее 5 с, регистрируемым синхронно на 35 ГГц и в диапазоне 100–300 кэВ. После пика над жгутами поднимается длинная петля в ультрафиолетовом (УФ) излучении и появляется широкий выброс плазмы, направленный вдоль наблюдавшегося перед вспышкой внешнего шипа. Большие петли соединяют шип и удаленный источник. В удаленном на 215 угл. сек основании наблюдался широкополосный микроволновый источник, задержка которого от пика в ядре вспышки составляет ~5 с, а оценка скорости распространения электронов достигает трети скорости света. Отличительной особенностью излучения удаленного источника являлась высокая степень его круговой поляризации. Метровое излучение вспышки свидетельствует о заполнении вершин больших петель нетепловыми электронами с большими питч-углами. Впервые полученная совокупность пространственных, спектральных и поляризационных характеристик микроволновых источников обсуждается в контексте известных к настоящему времени результатов о природе круговых ленточных вспышек.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>We discuss acceleration and transport of electrons in the circular flare SOL2024-03-25T06:37:00 of the M4.4 X-ray class, characterized by a record-short duration of hard X-ray emission pulse. We have used radio data in the 0.1–40 GHz range, including images of the flare region in the Siberian Radio Heliograph frequency range. Microwave and hard X-ray emissions are generated in the vicinity of the magnetic domain by the interaction of ropes visible at 1600 Å. The impulsive stage ended with a short peak &lt;5 s long, recorded simultaneously at 35 GHz and in the 100–300 keV range. After the peak under ropes, a long loop in the ultraviolet (UV) rises and a broad plasma ejection appears which is directed along the outer spine observed before the flare. Large loops connect the spine and the remote source. There is a broadband microwave source at the remote footpoint at 215 arc. sec., with the delay of its maximum from the peak in the flare core being ~5 s, and the electron propagation velocity along the large loops estimated at one-third of the velocity of light. A distinctive feature of the radiation of the remote source was high degree of its circular polarization. The meter flare emission indicates that tops of large loops are filled with non-thermal electrons with large pitch angles. The set of spatial, spectral, and polarization characteristics of microwave sources obtained for the first time is discussed in the context of the known results on the nature of circular ribbon flares.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>Солнце</kwd>
    <kwd>механизмы ускорения</kwd>
    <kwd>микроволновые всплески</kwd>
    <kwd>метровые всплески</kwd>
    <kwd>круговая ленточная вспышка</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>Sun</kwd>
    <kwd>acceleration mechanisms</kwd>
    <kwd>microwave bursts</kwd>
    <kwd>meter bursts</kwd>
    <kwd>circle ribbon flare</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <funding-group>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Минобрнауки России</funding-statement>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation</funding-statement>
   </funding-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
 <back>
  <ref-list>
   <ref id="B1">
    <label>1.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алтынцев А.Т., Лесовой С.В., Глоба М.В. и др. Многоволновый Сибирский радиогелиограф. Солнечно-земная физика. 2020, т. 6, № 2, с. 37–50. DOI: 10.12737/szf-62202003 / Altyntsev A., Lesovoi S., Globa M., Gubin A., Kochanov A., Grechnev V., Ivanov E., Kobets V., Meshalkina N., et al. Multiwave Siberian Radioheliograph. Sol.-Terr. Phys. 2020, vol. 6, iss. 2, p. 30. DOI: 10.12737/stp-62202003.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Altyntsev A., Lesovoi S., Globa M., Gubin A., Kochanov A., Grechnev V., Ivanov E., Kobets V., Meshalkina N., et al. Multiwave Siberian Radioheliograph. Sol.-Terr. Phys. 2020, vol. 6, iss. 2, p. 30. DOI: 10.12737/stp-62202003.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B2">
    <label>2.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лесовой С.В., Кобец В.С. Корреляционные кривые Сибирского радиогелиографа. Солнечно-земная физика. 2017, т. 3, № 1, с. 17–21. DOI: 10.12737/23588 / Lesovoi S.V., Kobets V. Correlation plots of the Siberian Radioheliograph. Sol.-Terr. Phys. 2017, vol. 3, iss. 1. pp. 19–25. DOI: 10.12737/article_58f96eeb8fa318.06122835.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Altyntsev A.T., Meshalkina N.S., Sych R.A., Kolotkov D.Y. Double peak quasi-periodic pulsations in a circular-ribbon flare. Astron. Astrophys. 2022, vol. 663, id. A149, 8 p. DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243144.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B3">
    <label>3.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мешалкина Н.С., Алтынцев А.Т. Проявления нагрева в начале вспышки 29 июня 2012 г. Солнечно-земная физика. 2024, т. 10, № 3, с. 13–20. DOI: 10.12737/szf-103202402 / Meshalkina N.S., Altyntsev A.T. Heating manifestations at the onset of the 29 June 2012 flare. Sol.-Terr. Phys. 2024, vol. 10, iss. 3, pp. 11–17. DOI: 10.12737/stp-103202402.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aschwanden M.J. Physics of the Solar Corona: An Introduction. Springer-Verlag; Praxis, 2004, 842 p.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B4">
    <label>4.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Altyntsev A.T., Meshalkina N.S., Sych R.A., Kolotkov D.Y. Double peak quasi-periodic pulsations in a circular-ribbon flare. Astron. Astrophys. 2022, vol. 663, id. A149, 8 p. DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243144.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brown J.C., Melrose D.B., Spicer, D.S. Production of a collisionless conduction front by rapid coronal heating and its role in solar hard X-ray bursts. Astrophys. J. 1979, part 1, vol. 228, pp. 592–597. DOI: 10.1086/156883.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B5">
    <label>5.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aschwanden M.J. Physics of the Solar Corona: An Introduction. Springer-Verlag; Praxis, 2004, 842 p.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen X., Yan Y., Tan B., Huang J., Wang W., Chen L., et al. Quasi-periodic pulsations before and during a solar flare in AR 12242. Astrophys. J. 2019, vol. 878, no. 2, p. 78. DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab1d64.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B6">
    <label>6.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brown J.C., Melrose D.B., Spicer, D.S. Production of a collisionless conduction front by rapid coronal heating and its role in solar hard X-ray bursts. Astrophys. J. 1979, part 1, vol. 228, pp. 592–597. DOI: 10.1086/156883.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dulk G.A., Marsh K.A. Simplified expressions for the gyrosynchrotron radiation from mildly relativistic, nonthermal and thermal electrons. Astrophys. J. 1982, vol. 259, p. 350. DOI: 10.1086/160171.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B7">
    <label>7.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen X., Yan Y., Tan B., et al. Quasi-periodic pulsations before and during a solar flare in AR 12242. Astrophys. J. 2019, vol. 878, no. 2, p. 78. DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab1d64.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fleishman G.D., Melnikov V.F. Gyrosynchrotron emission from anisotropic electron distributions. Astrophys. J. 2003, vol. 587, iss. 2, pp. 823–835. DOI: 10.1086/368252.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B8">
    <label>8.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dulk G.A., Marsh K.A. Simplified expressions for the gyrosynchrotron radiation from mildly relativistic, nonthermal and thermal electrons. Astrophys. J. 1982, vol. 259, p. 350. DOI: 10.1086/160171.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guidice D.A., Cliver E.W., Barron W.R., Kahler S. The Air Force RSTN System. Bull. of the American Astronomical Society. 1981, vol. 13, p. 553.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B9">
    <label>9.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fleishman G.D., Melnikov V.F. Gyrosynchrotron emission from anisotropic electron distributions. Astrophys. J. 2003, vol. 587, iss. 2, pp. 823–835. DOI: 10.1086/368252.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kumar P., Nakariakov V.M., Cho K.S. Observation of a quasiperiodic pulsation in hard X-ray, radio, and extreme-ultraviolet wavelengths. Astrophys. J. 2016, vol. 822, no. 1, p. 7. DOI: 10.3847/0004-637X/822/1/7.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B10">
    <label>10.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guidice D.A., Cliver E.W., Barron W.R., Kahler S. The Air Force RSTN System. Bull. of the American Astronomical Society. 1981, vol. 13, p. 553.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ledenev V.G. Generation of electromagnetic radiation by an electron beam with a bump on the tail distribution function. Solar Phys. 1998, vol. 179, iss. 2, pp. 405–420. DOI: 10.1023/A:1005007026541.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B11">
    <label>11.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kumar P., Nakariakov V.M., Cho K.S. Observation of a quasiperiodic pulsation in hard X-ray, radio, and extreme-ultraviolet wavelengths. Astrophys. J. 2016, vol. 822, no. 1, p. 7. DOI: 10.3847/0004-637X/822/1/7.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee J., White S.M., Chen X., Chen Y., Ning H., Li Bo, Masuda S. Microwave study of a solar circular ribbon flare. Astrophys. J. Lett. 2020, vol. 901, p. L10. DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/abb4dd.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B12">
    <label>12.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ledenev V.G. Generation of electromagnetic radiation by an electron beam with a bump on the tail distribution function. Solar Phys. 1998, vol. 179, iss. 2, pp. 405–420. DOI: 10.1023/A:1005007026541.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lemen J.R., Title A.M., Akin D.J., Boerner P.F, Chou C., Drake J.F., Duncan D.W., Edwards Ch.G., et al. The Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). Solar Phys. 2012, vol. 275, no. 1-2, pp. 17–40. DOI: 10.1007/s11207-011-9776-8.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B13">
    <label>13.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee J., White S.M., Chen X., et al. Microwave study of a solar circular ribbon flare. Astrophys. J. Lett. 2020, vol. 901, p. L10. DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/abb4dd.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lesovoi S.V., Altyntsev A.T., Ivanov E.F., Gubin A.V.     A 96-antenna radioheliograph. Res. Astron. Astrophys. 2014, vol. 14, iss. 7, article id. 864–868. DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.1403.4748.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B14">
    <label>14.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lemen J.R., Title A.M., Akin D.J., et al. The Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on the Solar Dynamics Obser-vatory (SDO).  Solar Phys. 2012, vol. 275, no. 1-2, pp. 17–40. DOI: 10.1007/s11207-011-9776-8.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lesovoi S.V., Kobets V. Correlation plots of the Siberian Radioheliograph. Sol.-Terr. Phys. 2017, vol. 3, iss. 1. pp. 19–25. DOI: 10.12737/article_58f96eeb8fa318.06122835.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B15">
    <label>15.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lesovoi S.V., Altyntsev A.T., Ivanov E.F., Gubin A.V.     A 96-antenna radioheliograph. Res. Astron. Astrophys. 2014, vol. 14, iss. 7, article id. 864–868. DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.1403.4748.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levin B.N., Melnikov V.F. Quasi-linear model for the plasma mechanism of narrow-band microwave burst generation. Solar Phys. 1993, vol. 148, iss. 2, pp. 325–340. DOI: 10.1007/BF00645093.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B16">
    <label>16.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Levin B.N., Melnikov V.F. Quasi-linear model for the plasma mechanism of narrow-band microwave burst generation. Solar Phys. 1993, vol. 148, iss. 2, pp. 325–340. DOI: 10.1007/BF00645093.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Masson S., Pariat E., Aulanier G., Schrijver C.J. The nature of flare ribbons in coronal null-point topology. Astrophys. J. 2009, vol. 700, iss.1, pp. 559–578. DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/700/1/559.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B17">
    <label>17.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Masson S., Pariat E., Aulanier G., Schrijver C.J. The nature of flare ribbons in coronal null-point topology. Astrophys. J. 2009, vol. 700, iss.1, pp. 559–578. DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/700/1/559.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Meegan C., Lichti G., Bhat P.N., et al. The Fermi gamma-ray burst monitor. Astrophys. J. 2009, vol. 702. p. 791. DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/702/1/791.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B18">
    <label>18.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Meegan C., Lichti G., Bhat P.N., et al. The Fermi gamma-ray burst monitor. Astrophys. J. 2009, vol. 702. p. 791. DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/702/1/791.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Meshalkina N.S., Uralov A.M., Grechnev V.V., Altyntsev A.T., Kashapova L.K. Eruptions of magnetic ropes in two homologous solar events of 2002 June 1 and 2: a key to understanding an enigmatic flare. PASJ. 2009, vol. 61, p. 791. DOI: 10.1093/pasj/61.4.791.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B19">
    <label>19.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Meshalkina N.S., Uralov A.M., Grechnev V.V., et al. Eruptions of magnetic ropes in two homologous solar events of 2002 June 1 and 2: a key to understanding an enigmatic flare. PASJ. 2009, vol. 61, p. 791. DOI: 10.1093/pasj/61.4.791.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Meshalkina N.S., Altyntsev A.T. Heating manifestations at the onset of the 29 June 2012 flare. Sol.-Terr. Phys. 2024, vol. 10, iss. 3, pp. 11–17. DOI: 10.12737/stp-103202402.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B20">
    <label>20.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nakajima H., Nishio M., Enome S., et al. The Nobeyama Radioheliograph. Proc. IEEE. 1994, vol. 82, p. 705.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nakajima H., Nishio M., Enome S., Shibasaki K., Takano T., Hanaoka Y., Torii C., et al. The Nobeyama Radioheliograph. Proc. IEEE. 1994, vol. 82, p. 705.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B21">
    <label>21.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pontin D.I., Priest E.R., Galsgaard K. On the nature of reconnection at a solar coronal null point above a separatrix dome. Astrophys. J. 2013, vol. 774, iss. 2, article id. 154, 10 p. DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/774/2/154.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pontin D.I., Priest E.R., Galsgaard K. On the nature of reconnection at a solar coronal null point above a separatrix dome. Astrophys. J. 2013, vol. 774, iss. 2, article id. 154, 10 p. DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/774/2/154.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B22">
    <label>22.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Priest E.R., Titov V.S. Magnetic reconnection at three-dimensional null points. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series. 1996, vol. A354(1721), pp. 2951–2992. DOI: 10.1098/rsta.1996.0136.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Priest E.R., Titov V.S. Magnetic reconnection at three-dimensional null points. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series. 1996, vol. A354(1721), pp. 2951–2992. DOI: 10.1098/rsta.1996.0136.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B23">
    <label>23.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shang Z., Xu K., Liu Y., et al. A broadband solar radio dynamic spectrometer working in the millimeter-wave band. Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 2022, vol. 258, p. 25. DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/ac4257.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shang Z., Xu K., Liu Y., Wu Z., Lu G., Zhang Y. Y., et al. A broadband solar radio dynamic spectrometer working in the millimeter-wave band. Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 2022, vol. 258, p. 25. DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/ac4257.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B24">
    <label>24.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shang Z., Wu Z., Liu Y., et al. The calibration of the 35–40 GHz solar radio spectrometer with the new moon and a noise source. Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 2023, vol. 268, p. 45. DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/acee00.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shang Z., Wu Z., Liu Y., Bai Yu, Lu G., Zhang Y. Y., et al. The calibration of the 35–40 GHz solar radio spectrometer with the new moon and a noise source. Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 2023, vol. 268, p. 45. DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/acee00.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B25">
    <label>25.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sun X, Hoeksema JT, Liu Y, et al. Hot Spine Loops and the Nature of a Late-phase Solar Flare. Astrophys. J. 2013, vol. 778, iss. 2, p. 139. DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/778/2/139.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sun X, Hoeksema J.T, Liu Y, Aulanier G., Su Y., Hannah I.G., Hock R.A. Hot spine loops and the nature of a late-phase solar flare. Astrophys. J. 2013, vol. 778, iss. 2, p. 139. DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/778/2/139.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B26">
    <label>26.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tan C.M., Yan Y.H., Tan B.L., et al. Study of calibration of solar radio spectrometers and the quiet-Sun radio emission. Astrophys. J. 2015, vol. 808, p. 61. DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/808/1/61.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tan C.M., Yan Y.H., Tan B.L., Yoshimi N., Tanaka H., Enome S. Study of calibration of solar radio spectrometers and the quiet-Sun radio emission. Astrophys. J. 2015, vol. 808, p. 61. DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/808/1/61.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B27">
    <label>27.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Torii C., Tsukiji Y., Kobayashi S., et al. Full-automatic radiopolarimeters for solar patrol at microwave frequencies. Proc. of the Research Institute of Atmospherics. Nagoya University, 1979, vol. 26, pp. 129–132.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torii C., Tsukiji Y., Kobayashi S., et al. Full-automatic radiopolarimeters for solar patrol at microwave frequencies. Proc. of the Research Institute of Atmospherics. Nagoya University, 1979, vol. 26, pp. 129–132.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B28">
    <label>28.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Uralov A.M., Lesovoi S.V., Zandanov V.G., Grechnev V.V. Dual-filament initiation of a coronal mass ejection: observations and model. Solar Phys. 2002, vol. 208, iss. 1, pp. 69–90. DOI: 10.1023/A:1019610614255.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Uralov A.M., Lesovoi S.V., Zandanov V.G., Grechnev V.V. Dual-filament initiation of a coronal mass ejection: observations and model. Solar Phys 2002, vol. 208, iss. 1, pp. 69–90. DOI: 10.1023/A:1019610614255.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B29">
    <label>29.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vlahos L., Papadopoulos K. On the upconversion of ion-sound to Langmuir turbulence. Astrophys. J. 1979, Part 2. Letters to the Editor, vol. 234, Dec. 15, 1979, pp. L217, L218. Navy-supported research. DOI: 10.1086/183143.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vlahos L., Papadopoulos K. On the upconversion of ion-sound to Langmuir turbulence. Astrophys. J. 1979, Part 2. Letters to the Editor, vol. 234, Dec. 15, 1979, pp. L217, L218. Navy-supported research. DOI: 10.1086/183143.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B30">
    <label>30.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yan Y., Zhang J.,Wang W., et al. The Chinese Spectral Radioheliograph — CSRH. Earth, Moon, and Planets. 2009, vol. 104, iss. 1-4, pp. 97–100. DOI: 10.1007/s11038-008-9254-y.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yan Y., Zhang J.,Wang W., Liu F., Chen Z., Ji G. The Chinese Spectral Radioheliograph — CSRH. Earth, Moon, and Planets. 2009, vol. 104, iss. 1-4, pp. 97–100. DOI: 10.1007/s11038-008-9254-y.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B31">
    <label>31.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yan Yihua, Chen Linjie, Yu Sijie. First radio burst imaging observation from Mingantu Ultrawide Spectral Radioheliograph. IAUS. 2016, vol. 320, pp. 427–435. DOI: 10.1017/S174392131600051X.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yan Yihua, Chen Linjie, Yu Sijie. First radio burst imaging observation from Mingantu Ultrawide Spectral Radioheliograph. IAUS. 2016, vol. 320, pp. 427–435. DOI: 10.1017/S174392131600051X.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B32">
    <label>32.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang Wei, Yan Yihua, Liu D., et al. Calibration and data processing for a Chinese Spectral Radioheliograph in the decimeter wave range. Publications Astronomical Society Japan. 2013, vol. 65, iss. SP1, id. S18. DOI: 10.1093/pasj/ 65.sp1.S18.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang Wei, Yan Yihua, Liu D., Chen Z., Su C., Liu F., et al. Calibration and data processing for a Chinese Spectral Radioheliograph in the decimeter wave range. Publications Astronomical Society Japan. 2013, vol. 65, iss. SP1, id. S18. DOI: 10.1093/pasj/65.sp1.S18.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B33">
    <label>33.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Q. Circular-ribbon flares and the related activities. Rev. Modern Plasma Physics. 2024, vol. 8, iss. 1, article id. 7. DOI: 10.1007/s41614-024-00144-9.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Q. Circular-ribbon flares and the related activities. Rev. Modern Plasma Physics. 2024, vol. 8, iss. 1, article id. 7. DOI: 10.1007/s41614-024-00144-9.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B34">
    <label>34.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhdanov D.A., Zandanov V.G. Broadband microwave spectropolarimeter. Central European Astrophysical Bull. 2011, vol. 35. p. 223.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhdanov D.A., Zandanov V.G. Broadband microwave spectropolarimeter. Central European Astrophysical Bulletin. 2011, vol. 35. p. 223.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B35">
    <label>35.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zheleznyakov V.V., Zlotnik E.Ya., Zaitsev V.V., Shaposhnikov V.E. Double plasma resonance and its manifestations in radio astronomy. Physics-Uspekhi. 2016, vol. 59, no. 10. DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2016.05.037813.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zheleznyakov V.V., Zlotnik E.Ya., Zaitsev V.V., Shaposhnikov V.E. Double plasma resonance and its manifestations in radio astronomy. Physics-Uspekhi. 2016, vol. 59, no. 10. DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2016.05.037813.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B36">
    <label>36.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">URL: https://radiomag.iszf.irk.ru/books/sibirskii-radiogeliograf/page/sintez-radioizobrazenii-s-pomoshhiu-paketa-srh-synth (дата обращения 25 июня 2025 г.).</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">URL: https://radiomag.iszf.irk.ru/books/sibirskii-radiogeliograf/page/sintez-radioizobrazenii-s-pomoshhiu-paketa-srh-synth (accessed June 25, 2025).</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B37">
    <label>37.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">URL: https://badary.iszf.irk.ru/srhCorrPlot.php (дата обращения 25 июня 2025 г.).</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">URL: https://badary.iszf.irk.ru/srhCorrPlot.php (accessed June 25, 2025).</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B38">
    <label>38.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">URL: https://ckp-rf.ru/catalog/usu/4138190/ (дата обращения 25 июня 2025 г.).</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">URL: https://ckp-rf.ru/catalog/usu/4138190/ (accessed June 25, 2025).</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B39">
    <label>39.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">URL: http://ckp-angara.iszf.irk.ru/ (дата обращения 25 июня 2025 г.).</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">URL: http://ckp-angara.iszf.irk.ru/ (accessed June 25, 2025).</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
  </ref-list>
 </back>
</article>
