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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Modeling of systems and processes</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Modeling of systems and processes</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Моделирование систем и процессов</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2219-0767</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">105058</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12737/2219-0767-2025-18-3-20-27</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Технические науки</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject></subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Технические науки</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Multiphysical modeling of microelectronic systems with heterogeneous integration</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Мультифизическое моделирование микроэлектронных систем с гетерогенной интеграцией</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Ачкасов</surname>
       <given-names>Александр Владимирович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Achkasov</surname>
       <given-names>A. Vladimirovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Ягодкин</surname>
       <given-names>Александр Сергеевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Yagodkin</surname>
       <given-names>A. Sergeevich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Макаренко</surname>
       <given-names>Филипп Владимирович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Makarenko</surname>
       <given-names>F. V.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет имени Г.Ф. Морозова</institution>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov</institution>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-16T01:28:28+03:00">
    <day>16</day>
    <month>10</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-16T01:28:28+03:00">
    <day>16</day>
    <month>10</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>18</volume>
   <issue>3</issue>
   <fpage>20</fpage>
   <lpage>27</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-10-05T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>05</day>
     <month>10</month>
     <year>2025</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/105058/view">https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/105058/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>В статье представлены современные методы мультифизического моделирования и симуляции процессов гетерогенной интеграции в микроэлектронике. Исследование включает комплексный анализ тепловых, механических и электромагнитных характеристик сложных многокомпонентных систем, объединяя различные физические явления для повышения надёжности и производительности микроэлектронных устройств. Для анализа применены передовые программные инструменты, включая Ansys Multiphysics и EDA-инструменты, которые позволяют эффективно оптимизировать конструкции на уровне микросхем и их корпусов. Результаты показывают, что использование перераспределительных слоев, материалов с низкими коэффициентами теплового расширения и высокоплотных межсоединений значительно улучшает управление тепловыми процессами, уменьшает механические напряжения и снижает электромагнитные потери, что существенно повышает общую эффективность и долговечность систем. Выявлены локальные зоны перегрева и концентрации напряжений, для которых предложены методы минимизации, такие как применение воздушных зазоров и оптимизация геометрии межсоединений. Верификация моделей проводится с использованием экспериментальных данных, подтверждающих высокую точность симуляций. Полученные результаты имеют важное практическое значение для разработки энергоэффективных и надёжных микроэлектронных решений, востребованных в приложениях искусственного интеллекта, высокопроизводительных вычислений, Интернета вещей и других современных технологий, требующих высокой интеграции и компактности устройств. Работа закладывает основу для дальнейших инноваций в области микроэлектроники, способствуя решению проблем, связанных с замедлением закона Мура и необходимостью 3D-интеграции.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>The article presents modern methods of multiphysics modeling and simulation of heterogeneous integration processes in microelectronics. The research includes a comprehensive analysis of the thermal, mechanical, and electromagnetic characteristics of complex multi-component systems, combining various physical phenomena to improve the reliability and performance of microelectronic devices. Advanced software tools, including Ansys Multiphysics and EDA tools, are used for analysis, allowing for effective optimization of designs at the chip and package level. The results show that the use of redistribution layers, materials with low thermal expansion coefficients, and high-density interconnects significantly improves thermal management, reduces mechanical stresses, and lowers electromagnetic losses, which significantly enhances the overall efficiency and durability of systems. Local areas of overheating and stress concentration have been identified, and methods for minimizing them have been proposed, such as the use of air gaps and the optimization of interconnect geometry. The models have been verified using experimental data, which confirms the high accuracy of the simulations. The results obtained have important practical significance for the development of energy-efficient and reliable microelectronic solutions that are in demand in applications of artificial intelligence, high-performance computing, the Internet of Things, and other modern technologies that require high integration and compactness of devices. The work lays the foundation for further innovations in the field of microelectronics, helping to address the challenges posed by the slowdown in Moore's Law and the need for 3D integration.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>гетерогенная интеграция</kwd>
    <kwd>мультифизическое моделирование</kwd>
    <kwd>тепловые процессы</kwd>
    <kwd>механические напряжения</kwd>
    <kwd>электромагнитное моделирование</kwd>
    <kwd>перераспределительные слои (RDL)</kwd>
    <kwd>коэффициент теплового расширения (CTE)</kwd>
    <kwd>высокоплотные межсоединения</kwd>
    <kwd>3D-интеграция</kwd>
    <kwd>надежность микроэлектронных систем</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>Heterogeneous integration</kwd>
    <kwd>multiphysics modeling</kwd>
    <kwd>thermal processes</kwd>
    <kwd>mechanical stresses</kwd>
    <kwd>electromagnetic modeling</kwd>
    <kwd>redistribution layers (RDL)</kwd>
    <kwd>coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE)</kwd>
    <kwd>high-density interconnects</kwd>
    <kwd>3D integration</kwd>
    <kwd>and reliability of microelectronic systems.</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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