Forestry Engineering Journal Forestry Engineering Journal Лесотехнический журнал 2222-7962 111106 10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2025.4/19 ДЕРЕВОПЕРЕРАБОТКА. ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ WOOD PROCESSING. CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY ДЕРЕВОПЕРЕРАБОТКА. ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ Composite material with high adsorption-catalytic activity based on biochar from sawdust of birch (Betula Pendula) Композитный материал с высокой адсорбционно-каталитической активностью на основе биоугля из опилок березы повислой (Betula Pendula) Дорошенко Алёна В. Doroshenko Alena V. Бережная Мария В. Berezhnaya Mariya V. Томина Е. В. Tomina E. V. Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет им. Г.Ф. Морозова Россия Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov Russian Federation 26 12 2025 26 12 2025 15 4 327 342 26 12 2025 https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/111106/view

В настоящее время актуальной задачей является поиск новых способов очистки сточных вод на основе дешевых экологичных материалов. Композитные материалы на основе биоугольной матрицы с наноразмерными модификаторами позволяют решать задачи повышения эффективности адсорбции поллютантов и фотокаталитической очистки водных сред. Методом цитратного горения синтезированы наноразмерный феррит кобальта со структурой шпинели CoFe2O4 и композит на основе биоугля с наночастицами феррита кобальта CoFe2O4@C. Уголь для композита получен карбонизацией березовых опилок при температуре 600 ⁰С. Методом рентгеновской дифрактометрии подтверждено формирование наноразмерных кристаллитов шпинели CoFe2O4 во всех образцах. Средний размер наночастиц уменьшается от 31 ± 4 нм для чистого феррита кобальта до 17 ± 2 нм для композита на основе биоугля. Методом ИК-спектроскопии подтверждено формирование фазы кобальтовой шпинели и наличие большого количества поверхностных функциональных групп (–OH, –С=O, –C=C, –CH3) в композите. Проведен анализ адсорбционно-каталитической активности CoFe2O4 и CoFe2O4@C в отношении очистки водных растворов от 2,4-динитрофенола (ДНФ). Установлена высокая эффективность очистки от ДНФ наноразмерным ферритом кобальта (99.95%) и композитом на основе биоугля (96.84%) за счет сорбции на пористых материалах и фотокаталитической деградации токсиканта в условиях УФ облучения. Результаты исследования подтверждают, что композиты на основе биоугля из отходов деревообрабатывающей промышленности являются перспективными сорбентами/катализаторами для очистки сточных вод бумажной, фармацевтической и текстильной промышленности от органических поллютантов. Благодаря магниточувствительности композита за счет наночастиц CoFe2O4 значительно упрощается выделение сорбента/катализатора внешним магнитным полем с целью последующей регенерации и повторного использования.

Currently, a pressing issue is the search for new methods of wastewater treatment based on cheap environmentally friendly materials. Composite materials based on a biocoal matrix with nanosized modifiers make it possible to solve problems of increasing the efficiency of pollutant adsorption and photocatalytic purification of aquatic environments. Nanosized cobalt ferrite with a CoFe2O4 spinel structure and a biocoal-based composite with cobalt ferrite nanoparticles CoFe2O4@C were synthesized by the citrate combustion method. Carbon for the composite was obtained by carbonization of birch sawdust at a temperature of 600 ⁰C. The formation of nanosized CoFe2O4 spinel crystallites in all samples was confirmed by X-ray diffractometry. The average size of nanoparticles decreases from 31 ± 4 nm for pure cobalt ferrite to 17 ± 2 nm for a biocoal-based composite. The formation of the cobalt spinel phase and the presence of a large number of surface functional groups (–OH, –C=O, –C=C, –CH3) in the composite were confirmed by IR spectroscopy. The adsorption and catalytic activity of CoFe2O4 and CoFe2O4@C in relation to the purification of aqueous solutions from 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) was analyzed. High efficiency of DNP purification by nanosized cobalt ferrite (99.95%) and biochar-based composite (96.84%) was established due to sorption on porous materials and photocatalytic degradation of the toxicant under UV irradiation. The results of the study confirm that biochar-based composites from wood processing waste are promising sorbents/catalysts for the purification of wastewater from paper, pharmaceutical and textile industries from organic pollutants. Due to the magnetic sensitivity of the composite due to CoFe2O4 nanoparticles, the extraction of the sorbent/catalyst by an external magnetic field is significantly simplified for subsequent regeneration and reuse.

 пиролиз биоуголь феррит кобальта композит сорбция фотокатализ pyrolysis biochar cobalt ferrite composite sorption photocatalysis Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 23-23-00122, https://rscf.ru/project/23-23-00122/. this study has been supported by the grants the Russian Science Foundation, RSF № 23-23-00122, https://rscf.ru/project/23-23-00122/.

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