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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Medical Radiology and radiation safety</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Medical Radiology and radiation safety</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Медицинская радиология и радиационная безопасность</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">1024-6177</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">2618-9615</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">16165</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12737/article_58f0b9572d7131.31568909</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Радиационная биология</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Radiation biology</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Радиационная биология</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Neuromediator Exchange Dynamics in Rats at Late Periods after Exposure to 60Co γ-Rays</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Динамика нейромедиаторного обмена у крыс в поздние сроки после облучения γ-квантами 60Co</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Белокопытова</surname>
       <given-names>К. В.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Belokopytova</surname>
       <given-names>K. V.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Белов</surname>
       <given-names>О. В.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Belov</surname>
       <given-names>O. V.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Гаевский</surname>
       <given-names>В. Н.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Gaevsky</surname>
       <given-names>V. N.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Наркевич</surname>
       <given-names>Борис Ярославович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Narkevich</surname>
       <given-names>Boris Yaroslavovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>medradiol@yandex.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор технических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of technical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Кудрин</surname>
       <given-names>В. С.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Kudrin</surname>
       <given-names>V. S.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Красавин</surname>
       <given-names>Е. А.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Krasavin</surname>
       <given-names>E. A.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор биологических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of sciences in biology;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Базян</surname>
       <given-names>А. С.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Bazyan</surname>
       <given-names>A. S.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор биологических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of sciences in biology;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Объединенный институт ядерных исследований, Дубна</institution>
     <city>Дубна</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Joint Institute for Nuclear Research</institution>
     <city>Dubna</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Объединенный институт ядерных исследований</institution>
     <city>Дубна</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Joint Institute for Nuclear Research</institution>
     <city>Dubna</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Объединенный институт ядерных исследований</institution>
     <city>Дубна</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Joint Institute for Nuclear Research</institution>
     <city>Dubna</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина Минздрава РФ</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-5">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Ассоциация медицинских физиков России</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Association of Medical Physicists of Russia</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-6">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Научно‑исследовательский институт фармакологии имени В.В. Закусова</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">FSBI Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-7">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Объединенный институт ядерных исследований</institution>
     <city>Дубна</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Joint Institute for Nuclear Research</institution>
     <city>Dubna</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-8">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт высшей нервной деятельности и нейрофизиологии РАН</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of RAS</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <volume>62</volume>
   <issue>2</issue>
   <fpage>5</fpage>
   <lpage>12</lpage>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/16165/view">https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/16165/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Цель: Оценка воздействия γ-квантов 60Co на динамику обмена нейромедиаторов в головном мозге крыс разных возрастных категорий.&#13;
Материал и методы: В эксперименте использовано 20 самцов крыс линии Спрег-Доули с массой тела 190–210 г. В двухмесячном возрасте животные подвергались однократному тотальному облучению γ-квантами 60Co в дозе 1 Гр. Через 30 и 90 сут после облучения крысы забивались методом декапитации. Возраст крыс, в котором проводились тесты, составлял в среднем три и пять месяцев. Динамика нейромедиаторного обмена исследовалась путём определения концентрации моноаминов (дофамина, норадреналина, серотонина) и их метаболитов в четырёх структурах головного мозга животных: префронтальная кора, гипоталамус, гиппокамп и стриатум. Содержание веществ оценивалось методом высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии с электрохимической детекцией. Результаты измерений подвергались статистической обработке c использованием однофакторного дисперсионного анализа (ANOVA).&#13;
Результаты: Наиболее существенная модификация динамики нейромедиаторного обмена наблюдалась в префронтальной коре, гипоталамусе и гиппокампе, что свидетельствует о чувствительности этих структур к γ-облучению в дозах порядка 1 Гр. Обнаружено, что в исследованных отделах мозга воздействие γ-квантов слабо влияет на общую направленность изменений после облучения, однако в возрастном аспекте характер метаболизма нейромедиаторов меняется по многим параметрам. Сравнение полученных результатов с данными наших ранее проведённых экспериментов по исследованию воздействия ускоренных ионов углерода показывает, что влияние γ-излучения на временнýю динамику нейромедиаторного обмена менее существенно по сравнению с воздействием тяжёлых ядер. Выводы: На основании проведённых исследований сделано предположение о том, что более существенные нарушения в работе медиаторных систем в результате воздействия тяжёлых ионов приводят к более интенсивной реализации компенсаторно-восстановительных процессов, что может быть причиной модификации нормальной динамики нейромедиаторного обмена в исследованном пострадиационном периоде.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Purpose: Estimation of the 60Co γ‑ray effect on the neuromediator exchange dynamics in the brain of rats of different age groups.&#13;
Material and methods: 20 male Sprague‑Dawley rats with the weight of 190–210 g were used in the experiment. At the age of two months, animals were exposed to a single whole‑body irradiation with 60Co γ‑rays at the dose of 1 Gy. In 30 and 90 days after exposure, rats we killed by decapitation. The animals were tested at three and five months of age, respectively. The neuromediator exchange dynamics was estimated by measuring the concentrations of monoamines (dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin) and their metabolites in four brain regions including prefrontal cortex, hypothalamus, hippocampus, and striatum. The levels of substances were assessed using the high‑performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. The results of measurements were statistically analyzed with the one‑way analysis of variance (ANOVA).&#13;
Results: Although the direct measurements seeking for changes at the same time points revealed a little effect of γ‑rays on the monoamine metabolism, age‑related dynamics of the neuromediator exchange was affected in many aspects. The most pronounced in alterations in the two‑month monoamine exchange dynamics were observed in the prefrontal cortex, hypothalamus and hippocampus. It indicates the sensitivity of these brain structures to the action of γ‑rays at doses about 1 Gy. In the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus, radiation exposure affected dopamine and serotonin regulations in the manner that may indicate suppression of catecholamine degrading pathways dependent on monoamine oxidases A and B against the activation of metabolic processes associated with catechol‑O‑methyltransferase. The prefrontal cortex and hypothalamus additionally exhibited an accelerated decrease in levels of some neuromediators, as compared to the dynamics normally observed beyond the age of three months. At the same time, our study identified a resistance of striatal metabolic pathways to irradiation with γ‑rays at the stated dose. A comparison of the obtained data with results of our previous experiments investigating the action of accelerated carbon ions confirmed our expectations that the effect of γ‑rays on the dynamics of the neuromediator exchange is less pronounced than from heavy nuclei. &#13;
Conclusion: Made a hypothesis that, in the case of heavy ion exposure, more pronounced alterations in brain mediator systems lead to more intensive compensatory and regenerative processes in them. Consequently, it may change the normal dynamics of neuromediator exchange in the investigated post‑irradiation periods and serve a reason not only for decrease but also for an abnormal increase in levels of monoamines and their metabolites after exposure. In general, results of the performed study contribute to understanding the neurotoxic effect of γ‑rays in comparison with other radiation modalities that can potentially be useful for predicting late outcomes of cranial radiation therapy.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>центральная нервная система</kwd>
    <kwd>ионизирующие излучения</kwd>
    <kwd>поздние эффекты</kwd>
    <kwd>моноамины</kwd>
    <kwd>метаболиты</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>central nervous system</kwd>
    <kwd>ionizing radiations</kwd>
    <kwd>late effects</kwd>
    <kwd>monoamines</kwd>
    <kwd>metabolites</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p>В последние годы накапливаются данные, свидетельствующие о высокой чувствительности отдельных элементов центральной нервной системы (ЦНС) к повреждающему действию ионизирующей радиации. Актуальность изучения разнообразных нейрорадиобиологических эффектов определяется рядом научно-практических задач, среди которых важное место занимает планирование сеансов радиотерапии и радиохирургии, обеспечение радиационной безопасности персонала, работающего в полях излучений физических установок, подготовка межпланетных пилотируемых полётов.</p>
 </body>
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