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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Medical Radiology and radiation safety</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Medical Radiology and radiation safety</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Медицинская радиология и радиационная безопасность</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">1024-6177</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">2618-9615</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">20072</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12737/article_5a855c9d5b1211.49546901</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Радиационная биология</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Radiation biology</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Радиационная биология</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">3H-Thymidine Influence on DNA Double Strand Breaks Induction in Cultured Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Влияние 3H‑тимидина на индукцию двунитевых разрывов ДНК в мезенхимальных стволовых клетках человека</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Воробьева</surname>
       <given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Vorob'eva</surname>
       <given-names>N. Yu.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат биологических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of sciences in biology;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Уйба</surname>
       <given-names>В. В.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Uyba</surname>
       <given-names>V. V.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Кочетков</surname>
       <given-names>О. А.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Kochetkov</surname>
       <given-names>O. A.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат технических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of technical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Астрелина</surname>
       <given-names>Т. А.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Astrelina</surname>
       <given-names>T. A.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Пустовалова</surname>
       <given-names>М. В.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Pustovalova</surname>
       <given-names>M. V.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат биологических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of sciences in biology;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Грехова</surname>
       <given-names>А. К.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Grehova</surname>
       <given-names>A. K.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат биологических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of sciences in biology;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Блохина</surname>
       <given-names>Т. М.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Blohina</surname>
       <given-names>T. M.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Яшкина</surname>
       <given-names>Е. И.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Yashkina</surname>
       <given-names>E. I.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Кабанов</surname>
       <given-names>Д. И.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Kabanov</surname>
       <given-names>D. I.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Никитина</surname>
       <given-names>В. А.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Nikitina</surname>
       <given-names>V. A.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Сучкова</surname>
       <given-names>Е. Б.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Suchkova</surname>
       <given-names>E. B.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Кобзева</surname>
       <given-names>И. В.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Kobzeva</surname>
       <given-names>I. V.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-9"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Осипов</surname>
       <given-names>А. Н.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Osipov</surname>
       <given-names>A. N.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор биологических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of sciences in biology;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-10"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И.Бур­на­зяна ФМБА России</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center (FMBC) FMBA</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное медико-биологическое агентство</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Federal Medical and Biological Agency</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА России</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И.Бур­на­зяна ФМБА России</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center (FMBC) FMBA</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-5">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И.Бур­на­зяна ФМБА России</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center (FMBC) FMBA</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-6">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И.Бур­на­зяна ФМБА России</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center (FMBC) FMBA</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-7">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И.Бур­на­зяна ФМБА России</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center (FMBC) FMBA</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-8">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И.Бур­на­зяна ФМБА России</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center (FMBC) FMBA</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-9">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И.Бур­на­зяна ФМБА России</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center (FMBC) FMBA</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-10">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И.Бур­на­зяна ФМБА России</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center (FMBC) FMBA</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <volume>63</volume>
   <issue>1</issue>
   <fpage>28</fpage>
   <lpage>34</lpage>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/20072/view">https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/20072/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Цель: оценить влияние 3H-тимидина на индукцию двунитевых разрывов (ДР) ДНК в культивируемых мезенхимальных стволовых клетках (МСК) человека.&#13;
Материал и методы: Выделение и культивирование МСК костного мозга человека проводили по стандартной методике. К культуре клеток добавляли стерильный раствора 3H-тимидина с различной удельной радиоактивностью и инкубировали в условиях СО2-инкубатора в течение 24 ч. Удельная радиоактивность 3H-тимидина в среде инкубации составляла 50–1600 кБк/мл. Для количественной оценки ДР ДНК использовали иммуноцитохимический анализ фокусов гистона γH2AX. Дополнительно оценивали долю делящихся клеток с использованием иммуноцитохимического анализа маркера клеточной пролиферации – белка Ki67.&#13;
Результаты: Показано, что 24 ч инкубация МСК человека в культуральной среде, приводит к дозозависимому увеличению количества фокусов γH2AX. Наблюдается линейное увеличение числа фокусов γH2AX в диапазоне удельных активностей 50–400 кБк/мл, после чего относительный количественный выход фокусов на единицу удельной радиоактивности начинает снижаться. В целом, зависимость доза–эффект аппроксимируется квадратичной функцией у = 3,13 + 50,80x – 12,38x2 (R2 = 0,99), где у – количество фокусов γH2AX в клеточном ядре, а х – удельная радиоактивность в единицах 1000 кБк/мл. Обнаружено, что 24 ч инкубация МСК человека в культуральной среде, содержащей 800 и 1600 кБк/мл 3Н‑тимидина, приводит к статистически значимому снижению пролиферативной активности клеток по сравнению с контролем ~ в 1,25 и 1,41 раза соответственно. Своеобразное биологическое ограничение накопления трития в клеточном ядре хорошо объясняет наблюдаемый в наших исследованиях нелинейный характер зависимости образования ДР ДНК от удельной радиоактивности 3Н-тимидина в культуральной среде.&#13;
Заключение: Количественный анализ фокусов γH2AX показал себя как хорошо воспроизводимый и высокочувствительный метод оценки индукции ДР ДНК в живых клетках при воздействии 3Н-тимидина. Анализ фокусов γH2AX будет крайне востребован для уточнения количественного выхода ДР ДНК в живых клетках на дозу β-излучения трития. Для этого необходимо провести корректный расчет дозы, получаемой клетками с учетом микрораспределения 3Н-тимидина в клеточном объеме и его накопления в ДНК живых клеток.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Purpose: To estimate the impact of 3H-thymidine on DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) induction in cultured human&#13;
mesenchymal stem cells (MSC).&#13;
Material and methods: Isolation and cultivation of human bone marrow MSC was carried out according to a standard procedure.&#13;
A sterile solution of 3H-thymidine with different specific radioactivity was added to the cell culture and incubated under the conditions&#13;
of the CO2 incubator for 24 hours. The specific radioactivity of 3H-thymidine in the incubation medium was 50–1600 kBq/ml. To&#13;
evaluate quantitatively the DSBs, an immunocytochemical analysis of the DSB marker – γH2AX foci histone was used. Additionally,&#13;
the proportion of dividing cells was estimated using an immunocytochemical analysis of the cell proliferation marker, the Ki67&#13;
protein.&#13;
Results: It was shown that 24 h incubation of human MSC in a culture medium results in a dose-dependent increase in γH2AX&#13;
foci. There is a linear increase in the foci γH2AX in the range of 50–400 kBq/ml, after which the relative quantitative yield of foci per&#13;
unit of specific radioactivity begins to decrease. In general, the dose-effect relationship is approximated by the quadratic function y&#13;
= 3.13 + 50.80x – 12.38x2 (R2 = 0.99), where y is the number of foci γH2AX in the cell nucleus, and x is the specific radioactivity in&#13;
1000 kBq/ml. It was found that incubation of human MSC in a culture medium containing 800 and 1600 kBq/ml of 3H-thymidine&#13;
resulted in a statistically significant decrease in the cells proliferative activity compared to the control of ~1.25 and 1.41 respectively.&#13;
The peculiar biological limitation of tritium accumulation in the cell nucleus explains well the nonlinear character of the dependence&#13;
of the formation of DSBs on the specific radioactivity of 3H-thymidine in the culture medium observed in our study.&#13;
Conclusion: Quantitative analysis of γH2AX foci has proved to be a highly reproducible and highly sensitive method for&#13;
evaluating the induction of DSBs in living cells under the action of 3H-thymidine. An analysis of the foci of γH2AX will be useful&#13;
for accurate estimating the quantitative yield of DBS in living cells per dose of 3H-thymidine β-radiation. To do this, it is necessary&#13;
to make a correct calculation of the doses received by the cells taking into account the microdistribution of 3H-thymidine in the cell&#13;
volume and its accumulation in the DNA of living cells.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>3Н‑тимидин</kwd>
    <kwd>двунитевые разрывы ДНК</kwd>
    <kwd>фокусы γH2AX</kwd>
    <kwd>мезенхимальные стволовые клетки</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>3H-thymidine</kwd>
    <kwd>DNA double strand breaks</kwd>
    <kwd>γH2AX foci</kwd>
    <kwd>mesenchymal stem cells</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p>Тритий (3H), радиоактивный изотоп водорода, является одним из основных побочных продуктов ядерной промышленности, попадающих в окружающую среду [1, 2]. Тритий превращается в стабильный изотоп гелия путем β-распада, излучая низкоэнергетический электрон со средней энергией 5,7 кэВ и частицу антинейтрино. В среднем длина пробега β-частицы, испускаемой тритием, составляет всего 0,4–0,6 мкм, что меньше диаметра соматической клетки [3]. Таким образом, тритий представляет опасность для здоровья человека только при поступлении в организм. В качестве изотопа водорода тритий входит в состав молекул воды (оксид трития – НТО), неорганических и органических молекул (органически связанный тритий – OСT) [4].</p>
 </body>
 <back>
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