Medical Radiology and radiation safety Medical Radiology and radiation safety Медицинская радиология и радиационная безопасность 1024-6177 2618-9615 23891 10.12737/article_5c0b88579b10a6.86596118 Радиационная биология Radiation biology Радиационная биология Acceleration of Laboratory Rats: Synthetic Study of Data for the Century in the Aspect of Possible Relationship with Radiosensitivity Акселерация лабораторных крыс: синтетическое Исследование данных за столетие в аспекте возможной связи с радиочувствительностью Котеров А. Н. Koterov A. N.

доктор биологических наук;

doctor of sciences in biology;

 Ушенкова Л. Н. Ushenkova L. N.

кандидат биологических наук;

candidate of sciences in biology;

 Зубенкова Э. С. Zubenkova E. S. Вайнсон А. А. Vaynson A. A.

доктор биологических наук;

doctor of sciences in biology;

 Андрианова И. Е. Andrianova I. E. Лукьянова С. Н. Luk'yanova S. N. Лягинская А. М. Lyaginskaya A. M.

доктор биологических наук;

doctor of sciences in biology;

 Мальцев В. Н. Maltsev V. N. Ильин Л. А. Il'in L. A.

доктор медицинских наук;

doctor of medical sciences;

 Самойлов А. С. Samoylov A. S.

доктор медицинских наук;

doctor of medical sciences;

 Уйба В. В. Uyba V. V.

доктор медицинских наук;

doctor of medical sciences;

 Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА России Москва Россия A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA Moscow Russian Federation Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА России Москва Россия A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA Moscow Russian Federation Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА России Москва Россия A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA Moscow Russian Federation Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина Минздрава России Москва Россия N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology Moscow Russian Federation Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА России Москва Россия A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA Moscow Russian Federation Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА России Москва Россия A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA Moscow Russian Federation Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И.Бур­на­зяна ФМБА России Москва Россия A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center (FMBC) FMBA Moscow Russian Federation Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА России Москва Россия A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA Moscow Russian Federation Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА России Москва Россия A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA Moscow Russian Federation Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА России Москва Россия A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA Moscow Russian Federation Федеральное медико-биологическое агентство Москва Россия Federal Medical and Biological Agency Moscow Russian Federation 63 6 5 20 https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/23891/view

Цель: Обзорно-синтетическое исследование опубликованных данных о росте и развитии лабораторных крыс (беспородные белые, Wistar и Long–Evans) в зависимости от периода их разведения начиная с 1906 г. Материал и методы: Для расчетов и обобщающего анализа использовали литературные данные о динамике роста и возрастных периодах крыс. Результаты: Обнаружена акселерация по показателям возраст – масса тела для линейных животных: в условиях полных диет ad libitum крысы современного периода сейчас растут в несколько раз быстрее, чем животные разведения 1906–1932 гг. Для беспородных крыс зарегистрирована только тенденция к акселерации. В широком временном диапазоне за более чем столетие для самцов Wistar выявлена обратная линейная корреляция между годом разведения животных и возрастом (в неделях) наступления пубертатного периода (по тесту Спирмена: r = –0,952; p = 0,00026; по критерию Пирсона: r = –0,950; p = 0,0003). Отмечалась также прямая корреляция между массой тела крыс на момент наступления половой зрелости и годом их разведения (по тесту Спирмена: r = 0,975; p = 0,005; по критерию Пирсона: r = 0,927; p = 0,023). Обсуждаются возможные причины акселерации лабораторных крыс, которые вряд ли аналогичны факторам, предположительно вызывающим известную «акселерацию роста» у человека (изменения в естественном и искусственном освещении, эффект гетерозиса, улучшение социально-гигиенических условий, рост потока информации, потепление климата, изменение геомагнитного или радиационного фона и пр.). По-видимому, помимо вероятности специальной и/или подсознательной селекции в течение столетия, стимуляция акселерации крыс может объясняться «увеличением жизненного пространства и ресурсов» вследствие улучшения стандартов содержания животных в современный период (меньшее число животных в клетке или вообще индивидуальное содержание). На нелинейных животных такие стандарты могут распространяться по экономическим соображениям в меньшей степени. Выводы: Показано, что опубликованные даже 30 с небольшим лет назад и, тем более, 50 лет назад, физиологические, анатомические, возможно, поведенческие и прочие стандарты и закономерности для линейных крыс, включая, вероятно, и радиочувствительность, следует с осторожностью переносить на животных нынешнего разведения.

Purpose: A synthetic study of published data on the growth and development of laboratory rats (albino random-bred, Wistar and Long–Evans) depending on the period of their breeding since 1906 was carried out. Material and methods: Data for the dynamics of growth and age periods of rats were used for calculations and general analysis. Results: Acceleration in terms of age–weight indices for strain animals was found: in conditions of complete diets ad libitum the contemporary rats grew several times faster than the bred ones of 1906–1932. For random-bred rats only the tendency to acceleration was obtained. For more than a century, the Wistar males showed an inverse linear correlation between the breeding year and the age (in weeks) at the of the onset of puberty period (according to the Spearman test: r = –0.952; p = 0.00026; Pearson’s criterion: r = –0.950, p = 0.0003). There was also a direct correlation between the body mass of rats at the time of puberty onset and the year of their breeding (according to the Spearman test: r = 0.975; p = 0.005; Pearson criterion: r = 0.927; p = 0.023). The possible reasons for the acceleration of laboratory growth of rats, which are unlikely to be analogous to the factors presumably causing the known ‘growth acceleration’ in humans (changes in natural and artificial lighting, the effect of heterosis, improvement of socio-hygienic conditions, the growth of information flow, warming of the climate, change in the geomagnetic or radiation background, etc.) were discussed. Apparently, in addition to the probability of special and/or subconscious selection during century, the stimulation of rat acceleration may be explained by the ‘increase in living space and resources’ due to improved standards for keeping animals in the modern period (fewer animals in the cage or even an individual cage). In random-bred animals such standards can be apply for economic reasons to a lesser extent. Conclusions: It is concluded that the physiological, anatomical, possibly behavioral and other standards and patterns for strain rats, including, possibly, its radiosensitivity, published even 30 years ago, and especially more than 50 years ago, should be cautiously transferred to the animals grown under present-day conditions.

 линейные и беспородные крысы Wistar Long–Evans акселерация роста пубертатный период масса тела радиочувствительность andom-bred and strain rats Wistar Long–Evans acceleration of growth pubertal period body weight radiosensitivity

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