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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Scientific Research and Development. Russian Journal of Project Management</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Scientific Research and Development. Russian Journal of Project Management</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Научные исследования и разработки. Российский журнал управления проектами</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="online">2587-6279</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">3552</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12737/5780</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Управление комплексными проектами</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Complex project management</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Управление комплексными проектами</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Complex Project Management: Historical Background, Problems and Approaches</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Управление комплексными проектами: история вопроса, проблемы и подходы</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Клименко</surname>
       <given-names>О. А.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Klimenko</surname>
       <given-names>O. А.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>okian@mail.ru</email>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2014-09-17T00:00:00+04:00">
    <day>17</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2014</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2014-09-17T00:00:00+04:00">
    <day>17</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2014</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>3</volume>
   <issue>3</issue>
   <fpage>4</fpage>
   <lpage>13</lpage>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/3552/view">https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/3552/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Данная статья открывает новую рубрику нашего журнала «Управление комплексными проектами», которая посвящена формирующемуся направлению проджект-менеджмента. В статье рассматриваются&#13;
актуальные проблемы управления комплексными проектами, связанные с разработкой методологической основы и формализацией&#13;
накопленных знаний и опыта в данной области. Автор раскрывает и&#13;
уточняет понятие «комплексности», определяет исторические предпосылки возникновения нового направления, выявляет факторы, влияющие на степень сложности проектов, представляет классификацию&#13;
элементов комплексности в проектах и ставит дальнейшие цели для&#13;
продолжения исследования в данной области.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>This paper opens a new heading of our magazine &amp;#34;Complex Project Management&amp;#34;&#13;
which is devoted to forming direction of project management. In&#13;
the paper the complex project management’s actual problems connected&#13;
with methodological basis development and formalization of knowledge and&#13;
experience accumulated in this area are considered. The author discovers&#13;
and specifies a concept of &amp;#34;complexity&amp;#34;, defines historical prerequisites of&#13;
new direction emergence, reveals factors influencing projects’ complexity&#13;
degree, presents complexity elements classification in projects and sets the&#13;
further purposes for research continuation in this area.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>комплексность</kwd>
    <kwd>управление проектами</kwd>
    <kwd>теория хаоса</kwd>
    <kwd>управление комплексными проектами</kwd>
    <kwd>компетентность менеджера проекта</kwd>
    <kwd>стандарты по управлению комплексными проектами</kwd>
    <kwd>управление сложными системами.</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>complexity</kwd>
    <kwd>project management</kwd>
    <kwd>chaos theory</kwd>
    <kwd>complex project&#13;
management</kwd>
    <kwd>project manager’s competence</kwd>
    <kwd>complex project management&#13;
standards</kwd>
    <kwd>complicated system management.</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p>В современном мире управления проектами сформировалось отдельное направление, которое ставит своей целью исследовать феномен комплексности и ее влияния на объекты управления, такие как проекты, программы, портфели проектов и программ. Существующие подходы и методологии [2–4, 7, 8, 17, 36, 44, 48], которыми пользуются профессионалы в разных странах мира, сегодня позволяют планировать, отслеживать, анализировать выполнение работ по проекту, осуществлять корректировку и принимать решения для осуществления задуманной изначально идеи и претворения замысла в жизнь. Вместе с тем количество неуспешных проектов, реализованных со значительным опозданием по срокам, превышением бюджета, недостижением желаемой цели и (или) требуемого качества, остается, по оценкам разных экспертов, большим — до 40–60% [43, 58]. По мнению экспертов американского Института управления проектами (Project Management Institute — PMI), невосполнимые потери организаций по причине низкого качества управления проектами составляют на каждый миллиард долларов США 109 млн долл. США [49].Неудача является «следствием того, что мы чего-то не знаем или не учли» [18]. Проблема заключается в том, что применяемые методы и средства управления проектами необходимы, но недостаточны. Задача повышения эффективности управления объектами проектной деятельности и увеличения количества успешно реализуемых проектов актуальна для организаций и требует поиска новых подходов, разработки методов и инструментов, позволяющих эту задачу решить.</p>
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