<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE article
PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20190208//EN"
       "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.4" xml:lang="en">
 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of New Medical Technologies. eJournal</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of New Medical Technologies. eJournal</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Вестник новых медицинских технологий. Электронный журнал</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2075-4094</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">4678</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12737/7345</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>LITERATURE REVIEWS</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Comparative evaluation of methods of bleeding prevention in the afterbirth and early postnatal periods (literature review)</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Сравнительная оценка эффективности методов профилактики  кровотечения в последовом и раннем послеродовом периодах  (обзор литературы)</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Гусева</surname>
       <given-names>Е.  М.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Guseva</surname>
       <given-names>E.  М.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2014-12-24T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>24</day>
    <month>12</month>
    <year>2014</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2014-12-24T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>24</day>
    <month>12</month>
    <year>2014</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>8</volume>
   <issue>1</issue>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/4678/view">https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/4678/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>По данным ВОЗ, ежегодно около 140000 женщин погибают от послеродовых кровотечений, которые встречаются в 5-15% родов. Наиболее частой причиной послеродовых кровотечений по-прежнему остаётся гипотония матки. Разработано множество методов профилактики акушерских кровотечений, однако не все они обладают высокой эффективностью, поэтому нередко развиваются массивные кровотечения, угрожающие жизни женщины. В настоящее время дискуссионным остаётся вопрос об активной или выжидательной тактике ведения третьего периода родов. Активная тактика ведения третьего периода родов признаётся главным методом профилактики послеродовых кровотечений, и включает в себя применение окситоцина – препарата первой линии, а также препаратов второй линии - эргометрина и простагландинов. Также проводится тракция пуповины с дополнительным давлением на матку для отделения плаценты (контролируемая тракция пуповины). В противоположность активному ведению, выжидательная тактика подразумевает самостоятельное рождение последа. Активное ведение третьего периода родов по сравнению с выжидательной тактикой приводит к снижению кровопотери, однако при его применении возрастает риск побочных эффектов. Чёткая организация по профилактике послеродовых кровотечений является реальной основой снижения материнской смертности и отдалённых тяжёлых последствий для матери.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>According to the WHO, each year about 140,000 women die of postpartum hemorrhage, which occur in 5-15% of births. The most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage remains hypotension uterus. Many methods of prevention of obstetric hemorrhage developed, but not all of them have high efficiency. Massive bleeding, life-threatening women, are observed very often. At the present time, the question of active or waiting tactics of the third stage of labour remains controversial. Active tactics of the third stage of labour is recognized as the main method of prevention of postpartum hemorrhage, and includes the use of oxytocin - drug first-line and second-line drugs – ergometrine and prostaglandins. Also the traction of the umbilical cord with extra pressure on the uterus to the placenta (controlled traction of the umbilical cord) is carried out. In contrast of active tactics, waiting tactics involve independent birth of the placenta. Active tactic of third stage of labour compared with expectant tactics leads to reduced blood loss, but its use increases the risk of side effects. Clear organization for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage is the real basis of the reduction of maternal mortality and remote serious consequences for the mother.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>послеродовые кровотечения</kwd>
    <kwd>материнская смертность</kwd>
    <kwd>окситоцин</kwd>
    <kwd>эргометрин</kwd>
    <kwd>простагландины</kwd>
    <kwd>контролируемая тракция за пуповину</kwd>
    <kwd>выжидательная тактика.</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>postpartum hemorrhage</kwd>
    <kwd>maternal mortality</kwd>
    <kwd>oxytocin</kwd>
    <kwd>ergometrine</kwd>
    <kwd>prostaglandins</kwd>
    <kwd>controlled traction of the umbilical cord</kwd>
    <kwd>waiting tactics.</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
 <back>
  <ref-list>
   <ref id="B1">
    <label>1.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баев О.Р. Применение карбетоцина для профилактики послеродовых кровотечений // Акушерст-во и гинекология. 2013. № 7. C.101-105.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baev O.R. Primenenie karbetotsina dlya profilaktiki poslerodovykh krovotecheniy. Akusherst-vo i ginekologiya. 2013. № 7. C.101-105.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B2">
    <label>2.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баев О.Р. Профилактика кровотечений в последовом и раннем послеродовом периоде. Какие использовать препараты? // Акушерство и гинекология. 2011. № 7. C. 16-20.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baev O.R. Profilaktika krovotecheniy v posledovom i rannem poslerodovom periode. Kakie ispol&amp;#180;zovat&amp;#180; preparaty?. Akusherstvo i ginekologiya. 2011. № 7. C. 16-20.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B3">
    <label>3.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баскетт Томас Ф., Калдер Эндрю А. Оперативное акушерство Манро Керра. М.: Рид Элсивер, 2010. 392 с.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baskett Tomas F., Kalder Endryu A. Operativnoe akusherstvo Manro Kerra. M.: Rid Elsiver, 2010. 392 s.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B4">
    <label>4.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лазаренко А. Ведение третьего периода родов с позиции доказательной медицины // Здоровье Украины. 2012. № 1. С. 19.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lazarenko A. Vedenie tret&amp;#180;ego perioda rodov s pozitsii dokazatel&amp;#180;noy meditsiny. Zdorov&amp;#180;e Ukrainy. 2012. № 1. S. 19.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B5">
    <label>5.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Профилактика послеродовых кровотечений // Информационно-образовательный вестник «Здо-ровье семьи».  2007. №1. С. 2-8.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Profilaktika poslerodovykh krovotecheniy. Informatsionno-obrazovatel&amp;#180;nyy vestnik «Zdo-rov&amp;#180;e sem&amp;#180;i».  2007. №1. S. 2-8.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B6">
    <label>6.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Радзинский В.Е. Акушерская агрессия. М.: Издательство Status Praesens, 2011. 688 с.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Radzinskiy V.E. Akusherskaya agressiya. M.: Izdatel&amp;#180;stvo Status Praesens, 2011. 688 s.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B7">
    <label>7.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Савельева Г.М. Акушерство. Под ред. Савельевой Г.М. М.: Медицина. 2000. 816 с.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Savel&amp;#180;eva G.M. Akusherstvo. Pod red. Savel&amp;#180;evoy G.M. M.: Meditsina. 2000. 816 s.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B8">
    <label>8.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чернуха Е.А. Родовой блок. М.: Триада-Х, 2005. 712 с.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chernukha E.A. Rodovoy blok. M.: Triada-Kh, 2005. 712 s.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B9">
    <label>9.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Butwick A.J., Coleman L., Cohen S.E., Riley E.T., Carvalho B. Minimum Effective bolus dose of oxy-tocin during elective cesarean delivery // Br. J. Anaesth. 2010. Vol. 104. № 3. P. 338-343.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Butwick A.J., Coleman L., Cohen S.E., Riley E.T., Carvalho B. Minimum Effective bolus dose of oxy-tocin during elective cesarean delivery. Br. J. Anaesth. 2010. Vol. 104. № 3. P. 338-343.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B10">
    <label>10.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Callaghan W.M., Kuklina E.V., Berg G. Trends in postpartum haemorrhage: Unated States, 1994-2006 // Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2010. Vol. 202. № 4. P. 353. e1-353.e6.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Callaghan W.M., Kuklina E.V., Berg G. Trends in postpartum haemorrhage: Unated States, 1994-2006. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2010. Vol. 202. № 4. P. 353. e1-353.e6.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B11">
    <label>11.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chong Y.S., Su L.L., Arulkumaran S. Current strategies for the prevention of postpartum haemorr-hage in the third stage of labour // Curr Opin Obstet. Gynecol. 2004. Vol. 16. № 2. P. 143-150.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chong Y.S., Su L.L., Arulkumaran S. Current strategies for the prevention of postpartum haemorr-hage in the third stage of labour. Curr Opin Obstet. Gynecol. 2004. Vol. 16. № 2. P. 143-150.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B12">
    <label>12.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Deneux-Tharaux C., Sentilhes L., Maillard F., Closset E., Vardon D. et al. Effect of routine controlled cord traction as part of the active management of the third stage of labour on postpartum haemorrhage: multicentre randomised controlled trial // BMJ. 2013. P. 34.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deneux-Tharaux C., Sentilhes L., Maillard F., Closset E., Vardon D. et al. Effect of routine controlled cord traction as part of the active management of the third stage of labour on postpartum haemorrhage: multicentre randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2013. P. 34.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B13">
    <label>13.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Which uterotonic is better to prevent the postpartum hemorrhage? Latest news in terms of clinical ef-ficacy, side effects, and contraindications: a systematic review /Gizzo S., Patrelli T.S., Gangi S.D., Carrozzini M., Saccardi C. [et al.] // Reprod Sci. 2013. Vol.20. №9. P. 1009-1011.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Which uterotonic is better to prevent the postpartum hemorrhage? Latest news in terms of clinical ef-ficacy, side effects, and contraindications: a systematic review /Gizzo S., Patrelli T.S., Gangi S.D., Carrozzini M., Saccardi C. [et al.]. Reprod Sci. 2013. Vol.20. №9. P. 1009-1011.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B14">
    <label>14.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gulmezoglu A.M., Forna F., Villar J., Hofmeyr G. J. Prostaglandins for preventing postpartum hae-morrhage // Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2007 CD000494.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gulmezoglu A.M., Forna F., Villar J., Hofmeyr G. J. Prostaglandins for preventing postpartum hae-morrhage. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2007 CD000494.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B15">
    <label>15.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karen L. Preventing Postpartum Hemorrhage: Managing the Third Stage of labor // Am Fam Physi-cian. 2006. Vol.73. № 6. P. 1025-1028.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karen L. Preventing Postpartum Hemorrhage: Managing the Third Stage of labor. Am Fam Physi-cian. 2006. Vol.73. № 6. P. 1025-1028.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B16">
    <label>16.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Active management of the third stage of labour: prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage /Leduc D., Senikas V., Lalonde A.B., Ballerman C., Biringer A. [et al.]// J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Can. 2009. Vol. 31. №10. P. 980-993.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Active management of the third stage of labour: prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage /Leduc D., Senikas V., Lalonde A.B., Ballerman C., Biringer A. [et al.]// J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Can. 2009. Vol. 31. №10. P. 980-993.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B17">
    <label>17.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maggan E.F. The length of the third stage of labor and the risk of postpartum hemorrhage // Obstet. Gynecol. 2005. Vol. 105. № 2. P. 290-293.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maggan E.F. The length of the third stage of labor and the risk of postpartum hemorrhage. Obstet. Gynecol. 2005. Vol. 105. № 2. P. 290-293.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B18">
    <label>18.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oyelese Y., Scorza W.E., Mastrolia R., Smulian J.C.  Postpartum haemorrage  // Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am.  2007. Vol. 34. № 3. P. 421-441.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oyelese Y., Scorza W.E., Mastrolia R., Smulian J.C.  Postpartum haemorrage . Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am.  2007. Vol. 34. № 3. P. 421-441.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B19">
    <label>19.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Side effects of oral misoprostol for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage: results of a community-based randomized controlled trial in rural India / Patted S.S., Goudar S.S., Naik V.A., Bellad M.B., Edlavitch S.A., Kodkany B.S. [et al.] // J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med. 2009. Vol. 22. № 1. P. 24-28.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Side effects of oral misoprostol for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage: results of a community-based randomized controlled trial in rural India / Patted S.S., Goudar S.S., Naik V.A., Bellad M.B., Edlavitch S.A., Kodkany B.S. [et al.]. J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med. 2009. Vol. 22. № 1. P. 24-28.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B20">
    <label>20.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sheldon W.R., Durocher J., Winikoff B., Blum J., Trussell J. How effective are the components of ac-tive management of the third stage of labor? // BMC Pregnancy Childbirth.  2013. P. 46.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sheldon W.R., Durocher J., Winikoff B., Blum J., Trussell J. How effective are the components of ac-tive management of the third stage of labor?. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth.  2013. P. 46.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B21">
    <label>21.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Higher-dose oxytocin and hemorrhage after vaginal delivery: a randomized controlled trial / Tita A.T., Szychowski J.M., Rouse D.J., Bean C.M., Chapman V., Nothern A. [et al.]  // Obstet. Gynecol. 2012. Vol. 119. №2. P. 293-300.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Higher-dose oxytocin and hemorrhage after vaginal delivery: a randomized controlled trial / Tita A.T., Szychowski J.M., Rouse D.J., Bean C.M., Chapman V., Nothern A. [et al.] . Obstet. Gynecol. 2012. Vol. 119. №2. P. 293-300.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
  </ref-list>
 </back>
</article>
