Solar-Terrestrial Physics Solar-Terrestrial Physics Solar-Terrestrial Physics 2500-0535 49919 10.12737/stp-83202206 Results of current research Results of current research Results of current research Connection of total electron content disturbances with AE index of geomagnetic activity during geomagnetic storm in March 2015 Connection of total electron content disturbances with AE index of geomagnetic activity during geomagnetic storm in March 2015 Белюченко Куприян Владимирович Belyuchenko Kupriyan Vladimirovich kdei@list.ru Клименко Максим Владимирович Klimenko Maksim Vladimirovich maksim.klimenko@mail.ru

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 Клименко Владимир Викторович Klimenko Vladimir Viktorovich vvk_48@mail.ru

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0847-3553 Ратовский Константин Геннадьевич Ratovsky Konstantin Gennadyevich ratovsky@iszf.irk.ru

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 Балтийский федеральный университет им. Иммануила Канта Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University Западное отделение ИЗМИРАН Калининград Россия WD IZMIRAN Kaliningrad Russian Federation Балтийский федеральный университет имени И. Канта Калининград Россия I. Kant Baltic Federal University Kaliningrad Russian Federation Западное отделение ИЗМИРАН Калининград Россия WD IZMIRAN Kaliningrad Russian Federation Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН Иркутск Россия Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS Irkutsk Russian Federation 30 09 2022 30 09 2022 8 3 38 45 20 04 2022 03 07 2022 https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/49919/view

Ionospheric response to the March 17, 2015 geomagnetic storm has been investigated using simulations of the Global Self-consistent Model of the Thermosphere, Ionosphere, Protonosphere (GSM TIP) [Dmitriev et al., 2017; Klimenko et al., 2018]. GSM TIP demonstrates results that do not contradict experimental data. This paper deals with GSM TIP simulated disturbances in the Total Electron Content (TEC) at different longitudes and zonal averages on March 17–23, 2015. At all longitudes, we can observe the existence of a band of TEC positive disturbances, located over the geomagnetic equator, and the formation of an after-storm ionospheric effect that appeared as positive TEC disturbances at midlatitude 3–5 days after the geomagnetic storm main phase. We have analyzed the dependence of disturbances of the thermosphere-ionosphere system (total electron content, n(N2), n(O), zonal electric field, meridional component of the thermospheric wind at a height of 300 km, and electron temperature at a height of 1000 km), calculated by GSM TIP from variations in the geomagnetic activity index AE. The analysis is based on Pearson’s correlation coefficients, presented as maps of the dependence of the correlation coefficient on UT and latitude for selected longitudes and for zonal averaged values. The results suggest that at high latitudes of the Northern and Southern hemispheres the correlation coefficient of TEC disturbances and AE variations is close to 1 at all longitudes in the period from 12 UT to 23 UT. From 9 UT to 12 UT, the minimum value of the correlation coefficient is observed at all latitudes and longitudes. The time intervals of the correlation values are associated with the features of a particular geomagnetic storm, for which, for example, the interval from 12 UT to 23 UT on March 17, 2015 corresponds to the geomagnetic storm main phase. We discuss possible mechanisms for the formation of such a relationship between simulated TEC disturbances and the AE index.

Ionospheric response to the March 17, 2015 geomagnetic storm has been investigated using simulations of the Global Self-consistent Model of the Thermosphere, Ionosphere, Protonosphere (GSM TIP) [Dmitriev et al., 2017; Klimenko et al., 2018]. GSM TIP demonstrates results that do not contradict experimental data. This paper deals with GSM TIP simulated disturbances in the Total Electron Content (TEC) at different longitudes and zonal averages on March 17–23, 2015. At all longitudes, we can observe the existence of a band of TEC positive disturbances, located over the geomagnetic equator, and the formation of an after-storm ionospheric effect that appeared as positive TEC disturbances at midlatitude 3–5 days after the geomagnetic storm main phase. We have analyzed the dependence of disturbances of the thermosphere-ionosphere system (total electron content, n(N2), n(O), zonal electric field, meridional component of the thermospheric wind at a height of 300 km, and electron temperature at a height of 1000 km), calculated by GSM TIP from variations in the geomagnetic activity index AE. The analysis is based on Pearson’s correlation coefficients, presented as maps of the dependence of the correlation coefficient on UT and latitude for selected longitudes and for zonal averaged values. The results suggest that at high latitudes of the Northern and Southern hemispheres the correlation coefficient of TEC disturbances and AE variations is close to 1 at all longitudes in the period from 12 UT to 23 UT. From 9 UT to 12 UT, the minimum value of the correlation coefficient is observed at all latitudes and longitudes. The time intervals of the correlation values are associated with the features of a particular geomagnetic storm, for which, for example, the interval from 12 UT to 23 UT on March 17, 2015 corresponds to the geomagnetic storm main phase. We discuss possible mechanisms for the formation of such a relationship between simulated TEC disturbances and the AE index.

 geomagnetic storm ionospheric disturbances GSM TIP geomagnetic storm ionospheric disturbances GSM TIP The work was financially supported by RSF (Grant No. 21-17-00208) in terms of conducting research using the upper atmosphere model and by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation in terms of data analysis The work was financially supported by RSF (Grant No. 21-17-00208) in terms of conducting research using the upper atmosphere model and by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation in terms of data analysis

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