Solar-Terrestrial Physics Solar-Terrestrial Physics Solar-Terrestrial Physics 2500-0535 67882 10.12737/stp-94202313 Results of current research Results of current research Results of current research Ionospheric longitudinal variability in the Northern Hemisphere during magnetic storms in March 2012 from ionosonde and GPS/GLONASS data Ionospheric longitudinal variability in the Northern Hemisphere during magnetic storms in March 2012 from ionosonde and GPS/GLONASS data https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8927-5814 Черниговская Марина Артуровна Chernigovskaya Marina Arturovna cher@iszf.irk.ru

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 Ясюкевич Анна Сергеевна Yasyukevich Anna Sergeevna annpol@iszf.irk.ru

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2857-4333 Хабитуев Денис Сергеевич Khabituev Denis Sergeevich khabituev@iszf.irk.ru

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН Иркутск Россия Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS Irkutsk Russian Federation Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН Иркутск Россия Institute of Solar Terrestrial Physics SB RAS Irkutsk Russian Federation Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН Иркутск Россия Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS Irkutsk Russian Federation 28 12 2023 28 12 2023 9 4 99 110 12 07 2023 11 09 2023 https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/67882/view

A comprehensive study of spatio-temporal variations of geomagnetic, ionospheric, and atmospheric parameters in the middle and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere during a series of magnetic storms in March 2012 has been expanded by including vertical total electronic content (TEC) data from measurements at the chains of dual-frequency phase receivers GPS/GLONASS in the analysis. The features of longitudinal variations in ionosphere ionization over mid-latitude Eurasia, found earlier from vertical sounding data, are confirmed by vertical TEC data. We emphasize the complex physics of the long magnetically disturbed period in March 2012 with switching between positive and negative effects of an ionospheric storm during the same magnetic storm phases for spaced mid-latitude regions of the Eastern Hemisphere. Such changes in the ionospheric storm effects might have been caused by the superposition of competing processes in the mid-latitude region of the Eastern Hemisphere due to variations in the thermospheric composition, thermospheric winds, and large-scale electric fields affecting ionospheric ionization. We have observed significant differences in the nature of the ionospheric ionization reaction between the Eastern and Western hemispheres to the prolonged geomagnetic disturbance in March 2012. According to TEC data, there was an effect of reduced ionization of the ionosphere at longitudes of the Western Hemisphere, unlike the Eastern one. The effect of a negative ionospheric storm was caused by the formation of vast areas of atmospheric gas with a reduced density ratio [O]/[N2] over the mid-latitude region of the Western Hemisphere in the zone of maximum penetration of geomagnetic disturbances from high latitudes to middle latitudes. According to the INTERMAGNET magnetometer chain data for the analyzed period of magnetic storms on March 7–20, 2012, at midlatitudes of the Northern Hemisphere the maximum geomagnetic field variations were observed in the Western Hemisphere.

A comprehensive study of spatio-temporal variations of geomagnetic, ionospheric, and atmospheric parameters in the middle and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere during a series of magnetic storms in March 2012 has been expanded by including vertical total electronic content (TEC) data from measurements at the chains of dual-frequency phase receivers GPS/GLONASS in the analysis. The features of longitudinal variations in ionosphere ionization over mid-latitude Eurasia, found earlier from vertical sounding data, are confirmed by vertical TEC data. We emphasize the complex physics of the long magnetically disturbed period in March 2012 with switching between positive and negative effects of an ionospheric storm during the same magnetic storm phases for spaced mid-latitude regions of the Eastern Hemisphere. Such changes in the ionospheric storm effects might have been caused by the superposition of competing processes in the mid-latitude region of the Eastern Hemisphere due to variations in the thermospheric composition, thermospheric winds, and large-scale electric fields affecting ionospheric ionization. We have observed significant differences in the nature of the ionospheric ionization reaction between the Eastern and Western hemispheres to the prolonged geomagnetic disturbance in March 2012. According to TEC data, there was an effect of reduced ionization of the ionosphere at longitudes of the Western Hemisphere, unlike the Eastern one. The effect of a negative ionospheric storm was caused by the formation of vast areas of atmospheric gas with a reduced density ratio [O]/[N2] over the mid-latitude region of the Western Hemisphere in the zone of maximum penetration of geomagnetic disturbances from high latitudes to middle latitudes. According to the INTERMAGNET magnetometer chain data for the analyzed period of magnetic storms on March 7–20, 2012, at midlatitudes of the Northern Hemisphere the maximum geomagnetic field variations were observed in the Western Hemisphere.

 chain of GPS/GLONASS receivers ionosonde chain ionospheric and thermospheric disturbances geomagnetic field variations geomagnetic storm chain of GPS/GLONASS receivers ionosonde chain ionospheric and thermospheric disturbances geomagnetic field variations geomagnetic storm The work was financially supported by RSF (Project No. 23-27-00322) The work was financially supported by RSF (Project No. 23-27-00322)

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