Solar-Terrestrial Physics Solar-Terrestrial Physics Solar-Terrestrial Physics 2500-0535 75779 10.12737/stp-102202406 Results of current research Results of current research Results of current research Auroras during extreme geomagnetic storms: Some features of mid-latitude aurora on February 11, 1958 Auroras during extreme geomagnetic storms: Some features of mid-latitude aurora on February 11, 1958 Михалев Александр Васильевич Mikhalev Aleksandr Vasilyevich mikhalev@iszf.irk.ru

доктор физико-математических наук;

doctor of physical and mathematical sciences;

 Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН Иркутск Россия Institute of Solar Terrestrial Physics SB RAS Irkutsk Russian Federation 25 06 2024 25 06 2024 10 2 55 61 29 02 2024 08 04 2024 https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/75779/view

This paper discusses peculiarities of the great mid-latitude aurora that occurred during the extreme magnetic storm on February 11, 1958. This mid-latitude aurora had unusual optical and spectral characteristics, among which, first of all, were very high (10⁵–10⁸ R) intensities of atomic oxygen [OI] 630.0 nm emission and an unusually high ratio of the intensities of two forbidden lines of oxygen [OI] 630.0 nm and 557.7 nm (I₆₃₀/I₅₅₇.₇). In some points, this ratio was as high as 10³–10⁴. Analysis of I₆₃₀ dynamics during other extreme geomagnetic storms and associated geophysical conditions and physical processes in Earth’s ionosphere and magnetosphere allows us to assume that great mid-latitude auroras are formed during intense substorms in main phases of magnetic storms. In order to interpret the observed features of the February 11, 1958 mid-latitude aurora, we propose to examine the mechanism of level [OI] ¹D selective filling in which reactions of resonance recharge of oxygen ions O⁺(²D)+O (³P)→O⁺(⁴S)+O(³P, ¹D) and/or reactions of oxygen atom and molecule collisions with excited components of odd nitrogen can be implemented.

This paper discusses peculiarities of the great mid-latitude aurora that occurred during the extreme magnetic storm on February 11, 1958. This mid-latitude aurora had unusual optical and spectral characteristics, among which, first of all, were very high (10⁵–10⁸ R) intensities of atomic oxygen [OI] 630.0 nm emission and an unusually high ratio of the intensities of two forbidden lines of oxygen [OI] 630.0 nm and 557.7 nm (I₆₃₀/I₅₅₇.₇). In some points, this ratio was as high as 10³–10⁴. Analysis of I₆₃₀ dynamics during other extreme geomagnetic storms and associated geophysical conditions and physical processes in Earth’s ionosphere and magnetosphere allows us to assume that great mid-latitude auroras are formed during intense substorms in main phases of magnetic storms. In order to interpret the observed features of the February 11, 1958 mid-latitude aurora, we propose to examine the mechanism of level [OI] ¹D selective filling in which reactions of resonance recharge of oxygen ions O⁺(²D)+O (³P)→O⁺(⁴S)+O(³P, ¹D) and/or reactions of oxygen atom and molecule collisions with excited components of odd nitrogen can be implemented.

 mid-latitude aurora magnetic storms February 11 1958 great aurora mid-latitude aurora magnetic storms February 11 1958 great aurora The work was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation The work was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation

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