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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Solar-Terrestrial Physics</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Solar-Terrestrial Physics</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Солнечно-земная физика / Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika / Solar-Terrestrial Physics</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="online">2712-9640</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">81108</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12737/szf-103202405</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>ДЕВЯТНАДЦАТАЯ ЕЖЕГОДНАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ «ФИЗИКА ПЛАЗМЫ В СОЛНЕЧНОЙ СИСТЕМЕ», 5–9 ФЕВРАЛЯ 2024 Г., ИНСТИТУТ КОСМИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ РАН, МОСКВА, РОССИЯ</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>19TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE “PLASMA PHYSICS IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM”. FEBRUARY 5–9, 2024, SPACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE RAS, MOSCOW, RUSSIA</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>ДЕВЯТНАДЦАТАЯ ЕЖЕГОДНАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ «ФИЗИКА ПЛАЗМЫ В СОЛНЕЧНОЙ СИСТЕМЕ», 5–9 ФЕВРАЛЯ 2024 Г., ИНСТИТУТ КОСМИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ РАН, МОСКВА, РОССИЯ</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Fifty years of studying the GCR intensity during inversion of the heliospheric magnetic fields. II. HMF inversion on the inner heliospheric boundary</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Пятьдесят лет исследования поведения интенсивности ГКЛ в периоды инверсии гелиосферного магнитного поля. II. Инверсия ГМП на внутренней границе гелиосферы</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Крайнев</surname>
       <given-names>Михаил Борисович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Krainev</surname>
       <given-names>Mikhail Borisovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>mkrainev46@mail.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат физико-математических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Калинин</surname>
       <given-names>Михаил Сергеевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Kalinin</surname>
       <given-names>Mikhail Sergeevich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>kalininms@lebedev.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат физико-математических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Физический институт им. П.Н. Лебедева РАН</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Lebedev Physical Institute RAS</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Шаньдунский институт перспективных технологий</institution>
     <city>Цзинань, Шаньдун</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology</institution>
     <city>Jinan, Shandong</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Физический институт им. П.Н. Лебедева РАН</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Lebedev Physical Institute RAS</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-09-29T09:14:37+03:00">
    <day>29</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2024</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-09-29T09:14:37+03:00">
    <day>29</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2024</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>10</volume>
   <issue>3</issue>
   <fpage>40</fpage>
   <lpage>52</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-03-03T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>03</day>
     <month>03</month>
     <year>2024</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-05-31T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>31</day>
     <month>05</month>
     <year>2024</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/81108/view">https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/81108/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Явления в наружном слое солнечной атмосферы, гелиосфере, включающие сверхзвуковой солнечный ветер, переносимое им гелиосферное магнитное поле (ГМП) и распространяющиеся в гелиосфере космические лучи, важны для многих процессов, происходящих в этом слое. Для некоторых, например геомагнитной активности или распространения космических лучей, важны не только напряженность, но и направление поля. Но если в этом отношении ситуация в периоды низкой пятенной солнечной активности вполне ясна — гелиосфера разделена на два полушария с противоположной полярностью (к Солнцу/от Солнца) — в периоды высокой активности Солнца, когда происходит инверсия ГМП, простой модели этого явления нет.&#13;
В статье продолжается исследование явления инверсии ГМП и связанных с ним эффектов в интенсивности галактических космических лучей (ГКЛ). Ранее были сформулированы общие представления о 22-летней цикличности в характеристиках Солнца, гелиосферы и космических лучей и подробно обсуждались наблюдаемые эффекты в интенсивности ГКЛ, связываемые нами с инверсией ГМП. В данной работе рассмотрена модель инверсии ГМП, связанной лишь с эволюцией магнитного поля в слое между фотосферой и основанием гелиосферы из-за изменения распределения фотосферных полей от оборота к обороту Солнца, и показано, что этого недостаточно для объяснения основных эффектов в интенсивности ГКЛ. В указанном слое магнитное поле является основным энергетическим фактором. Более полная модель инверсии ГМП, включающая преобразование его характеристик из-за взаимодействия разноскоростных потоков солнечного ветра в самой гелиосфере, где солнечный ветер является основным энергетическим фактором, будет обсуждаться в следующей статье.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Phenomena in the outer layer of the solar atmosphere, the heliosphere, including the supersonic solar wind, the heliospheric magnetic field (HMF) carried by it, and cosmic rays propagating in the heliosphere are important for many processes occurring in this layer. For some of these processes such as geomagnetic activity or propagation of cosmic rays, not only the strength, but also the direction of the field is significant. Nonetheless, if in this regard the situation during periods of low sunspot activity is quite clear — the heliosphere is divided into two hemispheres with opposite polarity (toward the Sun/away from the Sun), — during periods of high sunspot activity when the HMF inversion occurs, there is no simple model of this phenomenon.&#13;
The paper is a sequel to the study of the HMF inversion phenomenon and associated effects in the intensity of galactic cosmic rays (GCR). Previously, general ideas about the 22-year cyclicity in the characteristics of the Sun, heliosphere, and cosmic rays have been formulated, and the effects observed in the GCR intensity, which we associate with the HMF inversion, have been discussed in detail. This paper deals with a model of HMF inversion, associated only with the evolution of the magnetic field in the layer between the photosphere and the base of the heliosphere due to changes in the distribution of photospheric fields from one solar rotation to the next one, and shows that this is not enough to explain the main effects in the GCR intensity. In this layer, the magnetic field is the main energy factor. A more complete model of HMF inversion, including the transformation of its characteristics due to the interaction of different-speed solar wind streams in the heliosphere itself, where the solar wind is the main energy factor, will be discussed in the next paper.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>гелиосфера</kwd>
    <kwd>гелиосферные магнитные поля (ГМП)</kwd>
    <kwd>инверсия ГМП</kwd>
    <kwd>галактические космические лучи (ГКЛ)</kwd>
    <kwd>модуляция ГКЛ</kwd>
    <kwd>долговременные вариации интенсивности ГКЛ</kwd>
    <kwd>ГКЛ в периоды инверсии ГМП</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>heliosphere</kwd>
    <kwd>heliospheric magnetic fields (HMF)</kwd>
    <kwd>inversion of HMF</kwd>
    <kwd>galactic cosmic rays (GCR)</kwd>
    <kwd>GCR modulation</kwd>
    <kwd>long-term GCR variations</kwd>
    <kwd>GCR during HMF inversion</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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