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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of Political Research</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Political Research</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Журнал политических исследований</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="online">2587-6295</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">92735</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12737/2587-6295-2024-8-4-79-90</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Международные отношения</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>International relationships</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Международные отношения</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">The place and role of international organizations in the system of international relations</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Место и роль международных организаций в системе международных отношений</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Воловиков</surname>
       <given-names>А. Г.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Volovikov</surname>
       <given-names>Arsen Guramovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>volovikov.arsen@yandex.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации</institution>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration </institution>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-02-11T22:26:34+03:00">
    <day>11</day>
    <month>02</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-02-11T22:26:34+03:00">
    <day>11</day>
    <month>02</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>8</volume>
   <issue>4</issue>
   <fpage>79</fpage>
   <lpage>90</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-04T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>04</day>
     <month>12</month>
     <year>2024</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-12-12T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>12</day>
     <month>12</month>
     <year>2024</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/92735/view">https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/92735/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Целью проведенного исследования является выявление роли международных организаций в современной системе международных отношений и определение факторов, влияющих на их способность выступать полноправными субъектами мировой политики. Для достижения поставленной цели использован комплексный методологический подход, предполагающий сочетание теоретико-сравнительного анализа (неореализм, либерализм, конструктивизм, марксизм) и исследования конкретных институтов. При этом работа опирается на неоинституциональную и социологическую институциональную перспективы, позволяющие учесть как формальные правила и интересы государств, так и бюрократическую культуру, нормативные практики и механизмы социального влияния внутри МО. В результате проведенного исследования установлено, что высокая степень бюрократического профессионализма и наличие собственных ресурсов позволяют отдельным МО раздвигать рамки, установленные национальными государствами, и приобретать существенную свободу действий. Однако в условиях подавляющего контроля государств-членов организации теряют фактическую независимость, превращаясь в инструмент реализации частных национальных целей. Практические результаты указывают на то, что даже при формальном закреплении субъектности МО их реальная автономия остается под вопросом и во многом определяется балансом интересов государств, бюрократических структур и транснациональных акторов. Также выявлен «порог нейтралитета»: организации сохраняют беспристрастность и доверие международного сообщества лишь при достаточной институциональной устойчивости и ресурсной независимости. Наконец, делегирование полномочий МО способно повышать их субъектность, но при этом государства нередко ограничивают данную свободу за счет механизма политического и финансового контроля. Теоретическая значимость работы заключается в уточнении концепта «автономии международных организаций» в разных парадигмах, а практическая — в возможности учитывать обнаруженные факторы ограничения суверенного пространства организаций при разработке и реформировании механизмов глобального управления.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>The aim of this study is to identify the role of international organizations in the modern system of international relations and to determine the factors that influence their ability to act as fully-fledged subjects of world politics. To achieve this goal, a comprehensive methodological approach was applied, involving a combination of theoretical-comparative analysis (neorealism, liberalism, constructivism, Marxism) and examination of specific institutions. The research also draws on neo-institutional and sociological institutional perspectives, which make it possible to take into account not only the formal rules and interests of states but also bureaucratic culture, normative practices, and mechanisms of social influence within international organizations. As a result of the study, it was established that a high level of bureaucratic professionalism and the availability of their own resources enable some international organizations to push beyond the boundaries set by nation-states, thereby acquiring significant freedom of action. However, when subject to overwhelming control by member states, these organizations lose their actual independence, turning into instruments for pursuing narrow national goals. Practical findings indicate that even with the formal enshrinement of the subjectivity of international organizations, their real autonomy remains in question and largely depends on the balance of interests among states, bureaucratic structures, and transnational actors. A «neutrality threshold» was also identified: organizations maintain their impartiality and the trust of the international community only if they possess sufficient institutional resilience and resource independence. Finally, delegating authority to international organizations can enhance their subjectivity; however, states often limit this freedom through mechanisms of political and financial control. The theoretical significance of the work lies in refining the concept of the «autonomy of international organizations» within different paradigms, while the practical significance lies in the possibility of taking into account the identified factors that constrain the sovereign space of organizations when developing and reforming mechanisms of global governance.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>международные организации</kwd>
    <kwd>система международный отношений</kwd>
    <kwd>бюрократия</kwd>
    <kwd>нейтралитет</kwd>
    <kwd>субъектность.</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>international organizations</kwd>
    <kwd>system of international relations</kwd>
    <kwd>bureaucracy</kwd>
    <kwd>neutrality</kwd>
    <kwd>subjectivity.</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p> </p>
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