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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Modeling of systems and processes</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Modeling of systems and processes</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Моделирование систем и процессов</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2219-0767</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">100323</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12737/2219-0767-2025-18-2-27-40</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Технические науки</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject></subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Технические науки</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Investigation of ways to protect information from leakage through acoustic and vibroacoustic channels</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Исследование способов защиты информации от утечки  по акустическому и виброакустическому каналам</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Зольников</surname>
       <given-names>Владимир Константинович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Zolnikov</surname>
       <given-names>V. K.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Сазонова</surname>
       <given-names>Светлана Анатольевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Sazonova</surname>
       <given-names>Svetlana Anatol'evna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Заревич</surname>
       <given-names>Антон Иванович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Zarevich</surname>
       <given-names>Anton Ivanovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Башун</surname>
       <given-names>Сергей Сергеевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Bashun</surname>
       <given-names>Sergey Sergeevich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет имени Г.Ф. Морозова</institution>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov</institution>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-07-16T01:58:06+03:00">
    <day>16</day>
    <month>07</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-07-16T01:58:06+03:00">
    <day>16</day>
    <month>07</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>18</volume>
   <issue>2</issue>
   <fpage>27</fpage>
   <lpage>40</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-06-23T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>23</day>
     <month>06</month>
     <year>2025</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/100323/view">https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/100323/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>В статье приведены существующие в настоящее время методы защиты информации от утечки по акустическим и виброакустическим каналам. Рассмотрены характеристики первичного акустического сигнала, частотные спектры акустических сигналов, а также уровень и спектральная плотность акустического сигнала. Выполнена классификация каналов утечки речевой информации. Рассмотрен уровень ощущения органа слуха человека: речевой электрический сигнал, дискретный первичный сигнал, спектр периодических импульсов, параметры акустического поля. Рассмотрено оборудование для исследований и устройства с их характеристиками, а именно: селективный нановольтметр UNIPAN233, измерительный токосъемник «ТИ2-1», источник питания АТС API 1500A, инвертор серии API 1500A, генератор тестовых акустических сигналов, экранированный «Сигнал-1», средство защиты телефонных линий «Корунд», средство защиты телефонных линий МП-1А, устройство защиты речевой информации от утечки через громкоговорители систем оповещения и трансляции «УЗГ» и шумомер интегрирующий прецизионный Robotron. Разработан учебный стенд «Канал утечки речевой информации за счет преобразования информативного сигнала из акустического в электрический. Микрофонный эффект. Средства защиты», на котором наглядно изображены способы обнаружения и средства защиты каналов утечки информации.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>The article examines the currently existing methods of protecting information from leakage through acoustic and vibroacoustic channels. The characteristics of the primary acoustic signal, frequency spectra of acoustic signals, as well as the level and spectral density of the acoustic signal are considered. The classification of channels of leakage of real information is performed. The level of sensation of the human hearing organ is considered: a speech electrical signal, a discrete primary signal, a spectrum of periodic pulses, and acoustic field parameters. The research equipment and devices with their characteristics were reviewed, namely: the UNIPAN233 selective nanovoltmeter, the TI2-1 measuring current collector, the API 1500A PBX power supply, the API 1500A series inverter, the acoustic test signal generator, the shielded Signal-1, the Corundum telephone line protection device.&quot;, a means of protecting telephone lines MP-1A, a device for protecting speech information from leakage through the loudspeakers of the UZG notification and broadcast systems, and a sound meter integrating precision Robotron. A training stand has been developed &quot;A channel for leakage of speech information due to the transformation of an informative signal from acoustic to electric. Microphone effect. Means of protection&quot;, which clearly shows the methods of detecting and protecting information leakage channels.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>Защита информации от утечки</kwd>
    <kwd>каналы утечки инфор-мации</kwd>
    <kwd>акустический и виброакустический каналы</kwd>
    <kwd>акустические шумы</kwd>
    <kwd>оборудование для исследований</kwd>
    <kwd>устройства</kwd>
    <kwd>учебный стенд.</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>Information leakage protection</kwd>
    <kwd>information leakage channels</kwd>
    <kwd>acoustic and vibroacoustic channels</kwd>
    <kwd>acoustic noises</kwd>
    <kwd>research equipment</kwd>
    <kwd>devices</kwd>
    <kwd>training stand.</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p>I. ВведениеЯвления природы, связанные с акустикой знакомы нам с раннего детства. Именно с помощью речи формируется информация. В процессе деятельности информация передается от человека к человеку. Информация согласовывается, уточняется, а затем выливается в постановления, законы, содержание заявок на патенты и другое. Качество речи связано, в первом приближении, с интенсивностью речи, силой звука, а во втором с понятностью речи. Если с первым параметром мы знакомы хорошо, достаточно понимания шепот и громкую речь. Этот параметр связан со звуковым давлением, он легко измеряется. Понятность речи связана с правильным произношением слов и букв. Для анализа этого фактора необходимо разложение речи на составляющие, имеющие название формант. Именно эти составляющие речи несут свойство понятности речи. С ними достаточно трудно работать, поскольку на практике они вытесняются отношением сигнал/шум, шумами каналов связи и т. д.Любая деятельность человека в обществе основывается на получении и преобразовании информации. В условиях динамического развития науки, экономики и техники очень многое зависит от мер по устранению каналов утечки информации, а поскольку информация во многом передается акустическими методами, то исследование возможных каналов утечки акустической информации является актуальным и востребованным. Также можно констатировать такой факт, что желающих приобрести информацию в условиях сложной международной обстановки достаточно много.На сегодняшний день уже существует множество систем и средств для оценки уровня защиты акустического и виброакустического каналов. Список предлагаемых информационных услуг достаточно велик: от портативных радиопередатчиков до современных программно-аппаратных комплексов ведения разведывательной деятельности. Основной акцент в данном исследовании сделан на определение эффективности применения способов и средств защиты информации по акустическим и виброакустическим каналам.В работе исследуются помещения, в которых проводятся служебные совещания. Предметом исследования является акустическая защищенность этих помещений. Информационную базу исследования составляют данные, полученные в ходе измерений и проведения имитационного эксперимента. Исследование направлено на разработку учебного стенда, позволяющего производить подготовку специалистов по защите информации. К методам исследования можно отнести проведение эксперимента с использованием учебного стенда.В исследовании рассмотрены алгоритмы расчета возможности утечки информации по акустическому и по виброакустическому каналам.Научная новизна данного исследования состоит в разработке учебного стенда, который максимально эффективен при обучении специалистов по защите информации. Также данный учебный стенд наглядно демонстрирует каналы утечки информации сотрудникам организации.Рассматриваемая в статье предметная область позволит получить полное представление об акустических и виброакустических каналах утечки информации, мерах по защите каналов утечки информации.Для решения поставленной задачи произведен обзор современных средств защиты информации от утечки по акустическому каналу. Проведен анализ способов и методов защиты акустической информации. </p>
 </body>
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