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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Dairy industry</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Dairy industry</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Молочная промышленность</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">1019-8946</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">103303</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21603/1019-8946-2025-4-50</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Научная статья</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Research Article</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Научная статья</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Effect of Mass Fraction of Stabilizers on Quality Indicators of Economy Class Ice-Cream</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Влияние массовой доли стабилизаторов на показатели качества мороженого экономкласса</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5881-2309</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Ландиховская</surname>
       <given-names>Анна Валентиновна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Landikhovskaya</surname>
       <given-names>Anna V.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>anna.landih@yandex.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат технических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of technical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Творогова</surname>
       <given-names>Антонина Анатольевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Tvorogova</surname>
       <given-names>Antonina A.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>antvorogova@yandex.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор технических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of technical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт холодильной промышленности – филиал Федерального научного центра пищевых систем им. В. М. Горбатова РАН</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Refrigeration Industry - branch of V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of Russian Academy of Science</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт холодильной промышленности – филиал Федерального научного центра пищевых систем им. В. М. Горбатова РАН</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Refrigeration Industry – Branch of V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-08-19T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>19</day>
    <month>08</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-08-19T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>19</day>
    <month>08</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <issue>4</issue>
   <fpage>63</fpage>
   <lpage>69</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-10T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>10</day>
     <month>03</month>
     <year>2025</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-06-16T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>16</day>
     <month>06</month>
     <year>2025</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://moloprom.kemsu.ru/en/nauka/article/103303/view">https://moloprom.kemsu.ru/en/nauka/article/103303/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>В настоящее время в составе стабилизационных систем для мороженого по экономическим аспектам доминируют композиции гуаровой камеди, карбоксиметилцеллюлозы и каррагинана при высоком содержании эмульгатора (не менее 70 %). При этом существует вероятность отрицательного влияния снижения доли гидроколлоидов на состояние консистенции и структуры готового продукта, поскольку рекомендации остаются постоянными – 0,5 % для сливочного мороженого. Целью исследования являлось установление влияния массовой доли стабилизаторов (0, 135, 0,2 и 0,235 %) на показатели качества сливочного мороженого при одном и том же содержании эмульгатора (0,3 %). Использованы современные реологические, микроструктурные и термостатические методы исследований. Установлено, что по мере увеличения содержания стабилизаторов значения динамической вязкости смесей по сравнению с показателями образца со сниженной массовой долей стабилизаторов увеличились в 1,5 и 2,1 раза. Увеличение динамической вязкости привело к повышению механического воздействия на продукт в процессе фризерования и увеличению числа агломератов жировых частиц. Кроме того, при увеличении содержания стабилизаторов в мороженом снизились значения показателей, характеризующих консистенцию: условная вязкость, адгезионная сила и липкость, что благоприятно. Содержание стабилизаторов не оказало заметного влияния на дисперсность кристаллов льда и воздушной фазы, однако повышение их доли положительно сказалось на сохранении их стабильности в процессе хранения. Увеличение доли стабилизаторов вследствие повышения вязкости и доли агломерированного жира способствовало улучшению показателя «термоустойчивость». Таким образом, исследования показали, что массовая доля стабилизаторов в составе стабилизационной системы при доминирующем использовании гуаровой камеди и карбоксиметилцеллюлозы натриевой соли должна быть не менее 0,2 %.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Most commercial ice-cream stabilizing systems contain guar gum, carboxymethil cellulose, and carrageenan with ≤70 % emulsifier. A lower share of hydrocolloids is likely to affect the consistency and structure of the finished product as creamy ice-cream simply cannot contain less than 0.5 % hydrocolloids. This research measured the correlation between the quality indicators of creamy ice-cream and three different mass fractions of stabilizers: reduced (Sample 1, 135 %,), optimal (Sample 2, 0.2 %), and increased (Sample 3, 0.235 %). The content of emulsifier content remained the same (0.3 %). The experiments relied on advanced rheological, microstructural, and thermostatic research methods. As the content of stabilizers grew, the dynamic viscosity increased 1.5 and 2.1 times, compared to Sample 1. The high dynamic viscosity increased the mechanical impact on the product during freezing, as well as the number of agglomerates of fat particles. Larger contents of stabilizers reduced the conditional viscosity, adhesive force, and stickiness, which could be characterized as a positive effect. The content of stabilizers had no significant effect on the dispersion of ice crystals and air phase, but the increase in their proportion improved their stability during storage. As the increased viscosity and the share of agglomerated fat grew, the increasing proportion of stabilizers improved the thermal stability. The optimal mass fraction of stabilizers with guar gum and carboxymethil cellulose of sodium salt should not go below 0.2 % in economy class ice-cream.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>сливочное мороженое</kwd>
    <kwd>гуаровая камедь</kwd>
    <kwd>карбоксиметилцеллюлоза</kwd>
    <kwd>вязкость</kwd>
    <kwd>условная твердость</kwd>
    <kwd>дисперсность структурных элементов</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>creamy ice-cream</kwd>
    <kwd>guar gum</kwd>
    <kwd>carboxymethil cellulose</kwd>
    <kwd>viscosity</kwd>
    <kwd>conventional hardness</kwd>
    <kwd>dispersion of structural elements</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <funding-group>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках выполнения исследований по Государственному заданию ФГБНУ «ФНЦ пищевых систем им. В. М. Горбатова» РАН</funding-statement>
   </funding-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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