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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Modeling of systems and processes</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Modeling of systems and processes</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Моделирование систем и процессов</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2219-0767</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">120330</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12737/2219-0767-2026-19-1-21-29</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Технические науки</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject></subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Технические науки</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Efficiency of binary classification of motor images in human-machine interfaces using neural networks and optimization algorithms</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Эффективность бинарной классификации моторных образов в человеко-машинных интерфейсах с использованием нейронных сетей и алгоритмов оптимизации</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Журавлев</surname>
       <given-names>Дмитрий Владимирович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Zhuravlev</surname>
       <given-names>Dmitry V.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>ddom1@yandex.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат технических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of technical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Калач</surname>
       <given-names>Андрей Владимирович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Kalach</surname>
       <given-names>Andrey Vladimirovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор химических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of chemical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Воронежский государственный  технический  университет»</institution>
     <city>Воронеж</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Voronezh State Technical University</institution>
     <city>Voronezh</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Воронежский институт ФСИН России</institution>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Voronezh Institute of the Federal Penal Service</institution>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-04-24T23:48:07+03:00">
    <day>24</day>
    <month>04</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-04-24T23:48:07+03:00">
    <day>24</day>
    <month>04</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>19</volume>
   <issue>1</issue>
   <fpage>21</fpage>
   <lpage>29</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-04-08T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>08</day>
     <month>04</month>
     <year>2026</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/120330/view">https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/120330/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Разработан малогабаритный программно-аппаратный комплекс на основе нейрогарнитуры с электродами «сухого» типа и беспроводной передачей данных. Комплекс предназначен для формирования управляющих воздействий от оператора с одновременным мониторингом его функционального состояния в режиме реального масштаба времени и предусматривает возможность интеграции в сложные технологические системы. &#13;
Приведены результаты исследования эффективности бинарной классификации моторных образов оператора с помощью нескольких классификаторов, действующих в комбинации с разными алгоритмами оптимизации. Исследованы особенности работы классификаторов: персептрон Розенблата, линейный дискриминантный анализ, сверточная нейронная сеть. &#13;
Предложена архитектура классификатора на основе сверточной нейронной сети типа ResNet, состоящей из восемнадцати повторяющихся между собой макро-слоев. С применением метрик Accuracy (Достоверность/Точность), Precision (Точность/Прецизионность), Recall (Полнота), F1-score (F1-мера) проанализировано влияния различных алгоритмов оптимизации (адаптивной оценки моментов, Левенберга-Марквардта с предложенной модернизацией, стохастического градиентного спуска, Бройдена - Флетчера - Гольдфарба - Шанно) на результаты классификаций. Наилучший результат в режиме «онлайн» показала комбинация классификатора на основе сверточной нейронной сети и алгоритма адаптивной оценки моментов. Классификация по метрике Accuracy составила ~ 66 %. Отмечено, что полученные показатели превосходят типичные результаты для мобильных портативных интерфейсов «мозг-компьютер», работающих в режиме реального масштаба времени («онлайн»).</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>A compact hardware and software system based on a neuroheadset with dry electrodes and wireless data transmission developed. The system designed to generate control inputs from the operator while simultaneously monitoring their functional state in real time and integrated into complex technological systems.&#13;
The results of a study on the effectiveness of binary classification of operator motor patterns using several classifiers operating in combination with different optimization algorithms presented. The following classifiers analyzed Rosenblatt perceptron, linear discriminant analysis, and convolutional neural network.&#13;
A classifier architecture based on a ResNet-type convolutional neural network consisting of eighteen repeating macrolayers is proposed. Using the Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and F1-score metrics, we analyzed the impact of various optimization algorithms (adaptive moment estimation, Levenberg-Marquardt with the proposed upgrade, stochastic gradient descent, and Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno) on classification results. The best online performance demonstrated by a combination of a convolutional neural network-based classifier and the adaptive moment estimation algorithm. The classification success rate using the Accuracy metric was approximately 66%. The obtained results found to exceed typical results for mobile handheld brain-computer interfaces operating in real-time (online).</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>асинхронный интерфейс «мозг-компьютер»</kwd>
    <kwd>моторные образы</kwd>
    <kwd>бинарная классификация</kwd>
    <kwd>персептрон Розенблата</kwd>
    <kwd>линейный дискриминантный анализ</kwd>
    <kwd>сверточная нейронная сеть</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>asynchronous brain-computer interface</kwd>
    <kwd>motor images</kwd>
    <kwd>binary classification</kwd>
    <kwd>Rosenblatt perceptron</kwd>
    <kwd>linear discriminant analysis</kwd>
    <kwd>convolutional neural network</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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