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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Medical Radiology and radiation safety</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Medical Radiology and radiation safety</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Медицинская радиология и радиационная безопасность</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">1024-6177</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">2618-9615</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">23954</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12737/article_5c0e7486915d55.10064971</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Радиационная физика, техника и дозиметрия</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Radiation physics, technology and dosimetry</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Радиационная физика, техника и дозиметрия</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Evaluation of the Dose Index using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography for Pediatric Patients</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Оценка индекса дозы при использовании протоколов сканирования компьютерной томографии в коническом пучке для пациентов детского возраста</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Лисовская</surname>
       <given-names>А. О.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Lisovskaya</surname>
       <given-names>A. O.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>аспирант архитектуры;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>graduate student of architecture;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Логинова</surname>
       <given-names>А. А.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Loginova</surname>
       <given-names>A. A.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Галич</surname>
       <given-names>К. А.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Galich</surname>
       <given-names>K. A.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Беляев</surname>
       <given-names>В. Н.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Belyaev</surname>
       <given-names>V. N.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор физико-математических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of physical and mathematical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Нечеснюк</surname>
       <given-names>А. В.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Nechesnyuk</surname>
       <given-names>A. V.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии имени Дмитрия Рогачева Минздрава РФ</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет «МИФИ»</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">National Research Nuclear University MEPhI</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии имени Дмитрия Рогачева Минздрава РФ</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет «МИФИ»</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">National Research Nuclear University MEPhI</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-5">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет «МИФИ»</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">National Research Nuclear University MEPhI</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-6">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии имени Дмитрия Рогачева Минздрава РФ</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <volume>63</volume>
   <issue>6</issue>
   <fpage>65</fpage>
   <lpage>70</lpage>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/23954/view">https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/23954/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Цель: Оценить индексы дозы в фантомах различных размеров при стандартных режимах компьютерной томографии в коническом пучке (конКТ). &#13;
Материал и методы: Использована методика, основанная на абсолютных и относительных измерениях дозового распределения для протоколов сканирования конКТ. Измерения абсолютной дозы проводились на периферии и в центре фантома FREEPOINT (CIRS) с помощью камеры фармеровского типа FC65-P для каждого из исследуемых протоколов сканирования. Фантом FREEPOINT высотой 20 см, шириной 30 см и длиной 30 см использовался для имитации грудной клетки и таза большого размера, внутренний вкладыш диаметром 16 см – для таза малого размера и для головы–шеи. С помощью двумерной матрицы детекторов I’mRT MatriXX (IBA) измеряли профили дозы, полученные результаты обрабатывали по программе OmniPro-I’mRT, а затем рассчитывали индексы дозы DLP (произведение длина–доза). &#13;
Результаты: Были определены индексы дозы для пяти протоколов, соответствующих трем областям сканирования (голова–шея, грудная клетка и таз). Для протоколов сканирования области головы и шеи Head and Neck S20 и Head and Neck M20 значения индексов дозы составили 51,82 и 90,25 мГр×см соответственно. Наименьший индекс дозы получили для протокола головы и шеи Fast Head and Neck S20 (13,28 мГр×см). &#13;
Было установлено, что размер сканируемого объекта сильно влияет на величину индекса дозы и, как следствие, на итоговую дозовую нагрузку на пациента. Так, для протокола области грудной клетки Chest M20 при сканировании фантома малого размера индекс дозы составил 305,42 мГр×см, а фантома большого размера – 187,53 мГр×см. Аналогичные результаты были получены для протокола сканирования тазовой области Pelvis M15. Максимальный индекс дозы был получен для фантома малого размера – 846,93 мГр×см, в то время как индекс дозы для фантома большого размера составил 563,79 мГр×см.&#13;
 Было показано, что для педиатрических пациентов необходимо использовать несколько протоколов, соответствующих областям сканирования. Использование протокола Pelvis M15 для тазовой области при сканировании головы может увеличить дозу в 96 раз по сравнению со стандартным низкодозным протоколом Fast Head and Neck S20.&#13;
Заключение: Рутинное использование конКТ в клинической практике требует осмысленного выбора протокола сканирования исходя из полученных результатов оценки индекса дозы.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Purpose: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an indispensable procedure for accurate patient positioning during radiation therapy (RT) in many clinical cases. However, the patients get an additional dose using CBCT. This dose is neither therapeutic nor diagnostic. It is very difficult to obtain the reliable information about the dose distribution within the patient using the CBCT. Despite this, there is a need to control the additional dose for the pediatric patients and reduce it. There are different approaches of imaging dose evaluation. Most accurate methods are based on the Monte-Carlo calculation and thermoluminescent dosimeters-based measurements. However, the implementation of these methods is complex and cumbersome, that makes impossible their application in routine clinical practice. The evaluation of dose indexes is an accessible and convenient alternative. The purpose of this study is evaluation of the cone beam computed tomography dose indexes for different imaging protocols and object sizes.&#13;
Material and methods: The technique based on absolute and relative dose measurements for CBCT was used in this study. Absolute dose measurements were performed at the periphery and center of the FREEPOINT (CIRS) phantom using the Farmer type chamber FC65-P for each CBCT protocols. FREEPOINT (20 cm height, 30 cm width, 30 cm length) was used for imitation big chest and pelvis. Inner insert (16 cm diameter) of the phantom was used for imitation head, small chest and pelvis. The dose profiles were measured using I’mRT MatriXX (IBA) and analyzed by OmniPro-I’mRT software, dose indexes DLP (dose–length product) were calculated.&#13;
Results: The dose indexes were identified for five protocols corresponding three scanning areas (Head and Neck, Chest and Pelvis). The dose indexes were 51.82 and 90.25 mGy×cm using Head and Neck S20 and Head and Neck M20 protocols respectively. The lowest dose index was obtained 13.28 mGy×cm for Fast Head and Neck S20. &#13;
It was established that the scanning object size strongly affects on the dose index values and, as result, on the absorbed dose within the patient. The dose indexes were 305.42 and 187.53 mGy×cm using scanning protocol Chest M20 for small and big phantoms respectively. The similar results were obtained for scanning protocol Pelvis M15. The highest dose index was obtained 846.93 mGy×cm for the small phantom, while the dose index was 563.79 mGy×cm for the big phantom.&#13;
The necessity of several clinical protocols to scan different areas was shown. Using of the Pelvis M15 protocol for head scanning may increase the additional point dose 96 times in comparison with Fast Head and Neck S20 protocol.&#13;
Conclusion: The dose indexes were evaluated taking into account the size of the scanning object for different imaging protocols. Routine use of CBCT in clinical practice requires a sensible choice of the scanning protocol based on the results of the dose index estimation.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>лучевая терапия с контролем по изображениям (ЛТКИ)</kwd>
    <kwd>компьютерная томография в коническом пучке излучения</kwd>
    <kwd>протокол сканирования</kwd>
    <kwd>индекс дозы</kwd>
    <kwd>дозовая нагрузка</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>IGRT</kwd>
    <kwd>CTCB</kwd>
    <kwd>dose index</kwd>
    <kwd>scanning protocols</kwd>
    <kwd>visualization dose</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
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