<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE article
PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20190208//EN"
       "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.4" xml:lang="en">
 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Medical Radiology and radiation safety</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Medical Radiology and radiation safety</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Медицинская радиология и радиационная безопасность</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">1024-6177</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">2618-9615</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">28892</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12737/article_5cf239edd98586.89544179</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Радиационная эпидемиология</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Radiation epidemiology</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Радиационная эпидемиология</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Estimation of Radiation Risk of the Initiation of Malignant Novelties in the Liquidators of the Consequences of the Accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, Workers of the Nuclear Industry, with the Account of Doses of Various Types of Irradiation</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Оценка радиационного риска  возникновения злокачественных новообразований с учётом доз различных видов облучения у ликвидаторов последствий аварии на ЧАЭС – работников атомной промышленности</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Туков</surname>
       <given-names>А. Р.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Tukov</surname>
       <given-names>A. R.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Шафранский</surname>
       <given-names>И. Л.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Shafransky</surname>
       <given-names>I. L.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Цовьянов</surname>
       <given-names>Александр Г.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Tsoviyanov</surname>
       <given-names>Aleksandr G.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Бирюков</surname>
       <given-names>А. П.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Biryukov</surname>
       <given-names>A. P.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Сидорин</surname>
       <given-names>И. В.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Sidorin</surname>
       <given-names>I. V.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат физико-математических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Прохорова</surname>
       <given-names>О. Н.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Prokhorova</surname>
       <given-names>O. N.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Журавлева</surname>
       <given-names>В. Н.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Zhuravleva</surname>
       <given-names>V. N.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Уйба</surname>
       <given-names>В. В.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Uyba</surname>
       <given-names>V. V.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И.Бур­на­зяна ФМБА России</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center (FMBC) FMBA</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И.Бур­на­зяна ФМБА России</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center (FMBC) FMBA</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ ГНЦ ФМБЦ им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА России</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">State Research Center Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И.Бур­на­зяна ФМБА России</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center (FMBC) FMBA</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-5">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И.Бур­на­зяна ФМБА России</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center (FMBC) FMBA</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-6">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И.Бур­на­зяна ФМБА России</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center (FMBC) FMBA</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-7">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА России</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-8">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное медико-биологическое агентство</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Federal Medical and Biological Agency</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <volume>64</volume>
   <issue>3</issue>
   <fpage>54</fpage>
   <lpage>57</lpage>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/28892/view">https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/28892/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Цель: Оценка избыточного относительного риска заболевания злокачественными новообразованиями (ЗНО) с учётом доз различных видов облучения работников атомной промышленности – участников ликвидации последствий аварии на ЧАЭС. &#13;
Материал и методы: Проведён эпидемиологический эксперимент, в котором использованы персональные данные информационной базы Отраслевого регистра лиц, подвергшихся воздействию радиации в результате аварии на Чернобыльской АЭС, дозы профессионального облучения, а также табличные данные о дозах природного облучения, представленные в отчётах о радиационной обстановке в населённых пунктах (ЕСКИД, ф. № 4-ДОЗ).&#13;
В исследовании был применён метод когортного анализа накопленной заболеваемости ЗНО, реализованный на базе пуассоновской регрессии. Оценки избыточного относительного риска (ERR – Excess Relative Risk) на 1 Зв были рассчитаны по традиционной схеме с использованием модуля AMFIT пакета прикладных программ EPICURE.&#13;
Результаты: Показано, что оценки риска заболевания ЗНО у ликвидаторов последствий аварии на ЧАЭС, полученные с использованием доз разных видов облучения, имеют различные показатели риска в единицах ERR на 1 Зв: дозы облучения ЧАЭС – 0,13, дозы ЧАЭС + профессиональные – 1,13 и дозы ЧАЭС + профессиональные + природные – 0,56. &#13;
Выводы: Используя какую-либо часть общей дозы облучения человека для расчёта риска возникновения радиационно-индуцированных заболеваний, мы будем получать некорректные результаты с неконтролируемой неопределенностью. &#13;
Для надёжной оценки риска возникновения радиационно-обусловленных ЗНО необходима суммарная доза, полученная человеком от всех видов облучения, согласно требованиям директивных документов по радиационной безопасности.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Purpose: Estimate of the excess relative risk of malignant neoplasm disease (MND) in nuclear industry workers, participants in the elimination of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident, taking into account the doses of various types of irradiation.&#13;
Material and methods: An epidemiological experiment was conducted in which the personal data of the information base of the Industry Register of persons exposed to radiation as a result of the Chernobyl accident, the doses of occupational exposure, and tabular data on the dose of natural exposure, presented in the reports on the radiation situation in populated areas ESKID, No. 4-DOZ) were used.&#13;
Results: It is shown that the risk assessment of the disease in the Chernobyl accident liquidators, obtained with the use of doses of different types of exposure, has different risk indicators (ERR at 1 Sv: the Chernobyl NPP radiation dose is 0.13, the ChNPP + professional dose is 1.13 and the ChNPP dose + professional + natural – 0.56).&#13;
Conclusions: Using any part of the total radiation dose of a person to calculate the risk of dose-induced diseases, we will get incorrect results is unknown how far from the truth. For a reliable assessment of the risk of the disease, an overall dose is required from a person from all types of radiation, which is required by the radiation safety directives.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>злокачественные новообразования</kwd>
    <kwd>ликвидаторы</kwd>
    <kwd>авария ЧАЭС</kwd>
    <kwd>радиационный риск</kwd>
    <kwd>дозы различных видов облучения</kwd>
    <kwd>суммарная доза</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>cancer</kwd>
    <kwd>liquidators</kwd>
    <kwd>Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident</kwd>
    <kwd>radiation risk</kwd>
    <kwd>doses of various types of irradiation</kwd>
    <kwd>total dose</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
 <back>
  <ref-list>
   <ref id="B1">
    <label>1.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pierce D, Preston DL. Radiation-related cancer risks at low doses among atomic bomb survivors. Radiat Res. 2000 Aug;154(2):178-86.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pierce D, Preston DL. Radiation-related cancer risks at low doses among atomic bomb survivors. Radiat Res. 2000 Aug;154(2):178-86.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B2">
    <label>2.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kato Kazuo, Sawada Shozo. Medical X-ray Doses’ Contributions to the Ionizing Radiation Exposures of Atomic-Bomb Survivors. J Radiat Res. 2016 Nov;57(6):583-95.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kato Kazuo, Sawada Shozo. Medical X-ray Doses’ Contributions to the Ionizing Radiation Exposures of Atomic-Bomb Survivors. J Radiat Res. 2016 Nov;57(6):583-95.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B3">
    <label>3.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chekin SYu, Maksyutov MA, Kashcheev VV, Menyajlo AN, Vlasov OK, Shchukina NV, et al. Prognosis of the long-term medical radiological consequences of the Chernobyl disaster for citizens of Russia and the Republic of Belarus on the main radiation-related diseases. Radiation and Risk. 2016;25(4):7-19. (Russian).</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chekin SYu, Maksyutov MA, Kashcheev VV, Menyajlo AN, Vlasov OK, Shchukina NV, et al. Prognosis of the long-term medical radiological consequences of the Chernobyl disaster for citizens of Russia and the Republic of Belarus on the main radiation-related diseases. Radiation and Risk. 2016;25(4):7-19. (Russian).</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B4">
    <label>4.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ivanov VK, Rastopchin EM, Chekin SYu, Ryvkin VB. Oncological morbidity and mortality among participants in the liquidation of the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster: an assessment of radiation risks. Radiation and Risk. 1995;6:123-55. (Russian).</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivanov VK, Rastopchin EM, Chekin SYu, Ryvkin VB. Oncological morbidity and mortality among participants in the liquidation of the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster: an assessment of radiation risks. Radiation and Risk. 1995;6:123-55. (Russian).</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B5">
    <label>5.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tukov AR, Biryukov AP, Shafranskij IL. The use of data on the doses of various types of irradiation in radiation epidemiology. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2014;59(1):43-9. (Russian).</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tukov AR, Biryukov AP, Shafranskij IL. The use of data on the doses of various types of irradiation in radiation epidemiology. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2014;59(1):43-9. (Russian).</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B6">
    <label>6.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tsovyanov AG, Kosterev VV, Kryuchkov VP, Romanov VV, Pocyapun NP, Kuhta BA, Sivenkov A.G. Informational and analytical reference book “Doses of exposure of personnel of organizations and the population in the territories served by FMBA of Russia and the Ministry of Defense of Russia in 2010”. Moscow. 2012. 86 p. (Russian).</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsovyanov AG, Kosterev VV, Kryuchkov VP, Romanov VV, Pocyapun NP, Kuhta BA, Sivenkov A.G. Informational and analytical reference book “Doses of exposure of personnel of organizations and the population in the territories served by FMBA of Russia and the Ministry of Defense of Russia in 2010”. Moscow. 2012. 86 p. (Russian).</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B7">
    <label>7.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">EPICURE, Users Guide. Preston DL, Lubin JH, Pierce DA, McConney ME. HiroSoft International Corporation. Seattle, WA 98112, USA. 1993. 329 p.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">EPICURE, Users Guide. Preston DL, Lubin JH, Pierce DA, McConney ME. HiroSoft International Corporation. Seattle, WA 98112, USA. 1993. 329 p.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B8">
    <label>8.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tsyb AF, Ivanov VK, Biryukov AP. Possibilities of radiation epidemiology in solving radiation safety problems of medical exposure. Radiation and Risk. 2008;17(2):50-62. (Russian).</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsyb AF, Ivanov VK, Biryukov AP. Possibilities of radiation epidemiology in solving radiation safety problems of medical exposure. Radiation and Risk. 2008;17(2):50-62. (Russian).</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B9">
    <label>9.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kato K, Antoku S, Russell WJ, Fujita S, Pinkston J.A, Hayabuchi N, et al. Radiation therapy among atomic bomb survivors, Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Radiat Res. 1998 Jun;149(6):614-24.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kato K, Antoku S, Russell WJ, Fujita S, Pinkston J.A, Hayabuchi N, et al. Radiation therapy among atomic bomb survivors, Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Radiat Res. 1998 Jun;149(6):614-24.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
  </ref-list>
 </back>
</article>
