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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Солнечно-земная физика</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="online">2712-9640</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">43285</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12737/szf-73202101</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Результаты  исследований</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Results of current research</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Результаты  исследований</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Simulation study of the energetic neutral atom (ENA) imaging monitoring of the geomagnetosphere on a lunar base</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Моделирование визуализации мониторинга энергичных нейтральных атомов геомагнитосферы на лунной базе</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Ли</surname>
       <given-names>Лу </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Li</surname>
       <given-names>Lu </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>luli@nssc.ac.cn</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Цин-Лун</surname>
       <given-names>Ю </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Qing-Long</surname>
       <given-names>Yu </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>Yql04@nssc.ac.cn</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Пин</surname>
       <given-names>Чжоу </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Ping</surname>
       <given-names>Zhou </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>pzhou@nssc.ac.cn</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-9"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Синь</surname>
       <given-names>Чжан </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Xin</surname>
       <given-names>Zhang </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>xinchang@nssc.ac.cn</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-10"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-11"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-12"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Сянь-Го</surname>
       <given-names>Чжан </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Xian-Guo</surname>
       <given-names>Zhang </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>changxg@nssc.ac.cn</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-13"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-14"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-15"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Синь-Юэ</surname>
       <given-names>Ван </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Xin-Yue</surname>
       <given-names>Wang </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>orchard@nssc.ac.cn</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-16"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-17"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-18"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Юань</surname>
       <given-names>Чан </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Yuan</surname>
       <given-names>Chang </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>changyuan17@mails.ucas.ac.cn</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-19"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-20"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-21"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-22"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
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    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Лаборатория исследования космического пространства, Национальный центр космических наук КАН</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration, National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Пекинская главная лаборатория исследования космического пространства</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Beijing Key Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>Taiwan</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Главная научно-техническая лаборатория ситуационной осведомленности о космическом пространстве КАН</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Environment Situational Awareness CAS</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Лаборатория исследования космического пространства, Национальный центр космических наук КАН</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration, National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-5">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Пекинская главная лаборатория исследования космического пространства</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Beijing Key Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-6">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Главная научно-техническая лаборатория ситуационной осведомленности о космическом пространстве КАН</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Environment Situational Awareness CAS</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-7">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Лаборатория исследования космического пространства, Национальный центр космических наук КАН</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration, National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-8">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Пекинская главная лаборатория исследования космического пространства</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Beijing Key Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-9">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Главная научно-техническая лаборатория ситуационной осведомленности о космическом пространстве КАН</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Environment Situational Awareness CAS</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-10">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Лаборатория исследования космического пространства, Национальный центр космических наук КАН</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration, National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-11">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Пекинская главная лаборатория исследования космического пространства</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Beijing Key Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-12">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Главная научно-техническая лаборатория ситуационной осведомленности о космическом пространстве КАН</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Environment Situational Awareness CAS</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-13">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Лаборатория исследования космического пространства, Национальный центр космических наук КАН</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration, National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-14">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Пекинская главная лаборатория исследования космического пространства</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Beijing Key Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-15">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Главная научно-техническая лаборатория ситуационной осведомленности о космическом пространстве КАН</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Environment Situational Awareness CAS</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-16">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Лаборатория исследования космического пространства, Национальный центр космических наук КАН</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration, National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-17">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Пекинская главная лаборатория исследования космического пространства</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Beijing Key Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-18">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Главная научно-техническая лаборатория ситуационной осведомленности о космическом пространстве КАН</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Environment Situational Awareness CAS</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-19">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Лаборатория исследования космического пространства, Национальный центр космических наук КАН</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration, National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-20">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Пекинская главная лаборатория исследования космического пространства</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Beijing Key Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-21">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Главная научно-техническая лаборатория ситуационной осведомленности о космическом пространстве КАН</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Environment Situational Awareness CAS</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-22">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Университет КАН</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">University of Chinese Academy of Sciences</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <volume>7</volume>
   <issue>3</issue>
   <fpage>3</fpage>
   <lpage>11</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-04-06T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>06</day>
     <month>04</month>
     <year>2021</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-06-07T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>07</day>
     <month>06</month>
     <year>2021</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/43285/view">https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/43285/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Поскольку время полного оборота Луны вокруг Земли в точности совпадает с периодом ее вращения вокруг своей оси, мы можем видеть только одну сторону Луны, обращенную к Земле. Благодаря отсутствию на Луне собственного корпускулярного излучения, на ее поверхности, обращенной к Земле, может быть установлена базовая станция телеметрии нейтральных атомов для осуществления долгосрочного непрерывного мониторинга геомагнитной активности. Разрабатывается двумерная система получения изображения энергичных нейтральных атомов (ЭНА) с полем зрения 20°×20°, угловым разрешением 0.5°×0.5° и геометрическим фактором ~0.17 см²ср. Моделирование магнитосферного кольцевого тока в энергетическом канале 4–20 кэВ для средней геомагнитной бури (Kp=5) показывает следующее: 1) примерно на 60 Rᴇ (Rᴇ— радиус Земли) система получения изображения может получить 10⁴ событий ЭНА за 3 мин, что соответствует статистическим требованиям к инверсии 2D кодированных данных изображений и удовлетворяет требованиям анализа эволюции кольцевого тока суббури во время магнитных бурь над средой; 2) загадки радиационных потерь ЭНА в областях магнитопаузы и плазменного слоя хвоста магнитосферы были выявлены с помощью двумерной модели излучения ЭНА. Мониторинг с высоким пространственно-временным разрешением изображений ЭНА этих двух важных областей обеспечит основу измерений поступления и механизма генерации энергии солнечного ветра; 3) средний интервал между регистрациями событий ЭНА составляет около 16 мс на орбите Луны; спектральная разница во времени для установленного диапазона энергий составляет минуты, что позволит получить информацию о местоположении для отслеживания триггера вспышек частиц во время геомагнитных бурь.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Since the moon’s revolution cycle is exactly the same as its rotation cycle, we can only see the moon always facing Earth in the same direction. Based on the clean particle radiation environment of the moon, a neutral atomic telemetry base station could be established on the lunar surface facing Earth to realize long-term continuous geomagnetic activity monitoring. Using the 20°×20° field of view, the 0.5°×0.5° angle resolution, and the ~0.17 cm²sr geometric factor, a two-dimensional ENA imager is being designed. The magnetospheric ring current simulation at a 4–20 keV energy channel for a medium geomagnetic storm (Kp=5) shows the following: 1) at ~60 Rᴇ (Rᴇ is the Earth radius), the imager can collect 10⁴ ENA events for 3 min to meet the statistical requirements for 2D coded imaging data inversion, so as to meet requirements for the analysis of the substorm ring current evolution process of magnetic storms above medium; 2) the ENA radiation loss puzzles in the magnetopause and magnetotail plasma sheet regions have been deduced and revealed using the 2-D ENA emission model. High spatial-temporal resolution ENA imaging monitoring of these two important regions will provide the measurement basis for the solar wind energy input process and generation mechanism; 3) the average sampling interval of ENA particle events is about 16 ms at the moon’s orbit; the spectral time difference for the set energy range is on the order of minutes, which can provide location information to track the trigger of geomagnetic storm particle events.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>энергичный нейтральный атом (ЭНА)</kwd>
    <kwd>телеметрическое изображение</kwd>
    <kwd>вспышка частиц</kwd>
    <kwd>магнитосфера</kwd>
    <kwd>кольцевой ток</kwd>
    <kwd>магнитопауза</kwd>
    <kwd>плазменный слой</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>energetic neutral atom (ENA)</kwd>
    <kwd>telemetry image</kwd>
    <kwd>particle event</kwd>
    <kwd>magnetosphere</kwd>
    <kwd>ring current</kwd>
    <kwd>magnetopause</kwd>
    <kwd>plasma sheet</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <funding-group>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке программы стратегических приоритетов (SPP) по перспективным исследованиям в области космической науки и экспериментального оборудования (№ XDA 15017100).</funding-statement>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by the Strategic Priority Program (SPP) on Space Science Advanced Research of Space Science Issues and Payloads (No. XDA 15017100).</funding-statement>
   </funding-group>
  </article-meta>
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