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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Safety in Technosphere</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Safety in Technosphere</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Безопасность в техносфере</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">1998-071X</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">44158</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12737/1998-071X-2021-9-3-41-47</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Методы и средства обеспечения безопасности</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Methods and means of safety</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Методы и средства обеспечения безопасности</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Calculation of Acoustic Efficiency of Exhaust Silencers for Automotive Internal Combustion Engines</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Расчет акустической эффективности глушителей шума выпуска автотранспортных двигателей внутреннего сгорания</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Тупов</surname>
       <given-names>Владимир Викторович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Tupov</surname>
       <given-names>Vladimir Viktorovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>vvtupov@mail.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат технических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of technical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Матасова</surname>
       <given-names>О. Ю.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Matasova</surname>
       <given-names>O. Yu.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный технический университет им. Н. Э. Баумана</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Bauman Moscow State Technical University</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный технический университет им. Н.Э. Баумана</institution>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Bauman Moscow State Technical University</institution>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <volume>9</volume>
   <issue>3</issue>
   <fpage>41</fpage>
   <lpage>47</lpage>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/44158/view">https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/44158/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Рассмотрена основная характеристика, которая математически описывает акустическую эффективность глушителя шума, - это вносимые потери.  Она показывает снижение шума, создаваемого его источником, в частности системой выпуска двигателя внутреннего сгорания, в контрольной точке в результате применения глушителя. Приведено математическое описание вносимых потерь, рассмотрены параметры, необходимые для расчета этой характеристики. Показана аналитическая зависимость импеданса излучения звука концевым отверстием выпускной системы от коэффициента отражения акустических волн этим отверстием. Проведенный анализ широко применяемых формул для вычисления коэффициента отражения звука концевым отверстием, показал их недостаточную точность для выполнения проектных разработок. Предложены расчетные зависимости, обеспечивающие высокую точность вычислений модуля коэффициента отражения и присоединенной длины концевого отверстия канала без фланца во всем диапазоне существования в нем плоских волн. Показано, что концевая коррекция этого отверстия при ka =0 составляет 0.6127, а не 0.6133, как это ошибочно считалось до сих пор в мировой акустике. Предложен способ расчета внутреннего импеданса источника шума выпуска, который более точно, по сравнению с уже известными, описывает акустические процессы, происходящие в выпускном коллекторе ДВС, благодаря чему повышается точность вычисления акустической эффективности глушителя, что позволяет его разрабатывать на ранних стадиях проектирования автотранспортного ДВС.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Insertion losses as the main characteristic that mathematically describes the acoustic efficiency of a noise silencer has been considered. This characteristic shows the reduction of noise generated by its source, in particular by the internal combustion engine’s exhaust system, at the control point as a silencer use result. Has been presented a mathematical description of the insertion losses, and have been considered parameters necessary for calculating this characteristic. Has been demonstrated the analytical dependence of impedance for the sound emission by the exhaust system’s end hole from the coefficient of acoustic waves reflection by this hole. The performed analysis of the widely used formulas for calculating the coefficient of sound reflection by the end hole has showed their insufficient accuracy for project designs performing. Have been proposed calculation dependences providing high accuracy for calculations of the reflection coefficient modulus, and the attached length of the channel end hole without a flange in the entire range of the existence of plane waves in it. It has been shown that the end correction of this hole at ka = 0 is 0.6127, and not 0.6133, as it was mistakenly believed until now in world acoustics. Has been proposed a method for calculation the exhaust noise source internal impedance. This method more accurately, in comparison with the already known ones, describes the acoustic processes in the internal combustion engine’s exhaust manifold, thanks to increases the accuracy of calculation the silencer acoustic efficiency, that allows develop the silencer at the early stages of the design of an automotive internal combustion engine.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>шум выпуска двигателя</kwd>
    <kwd>глушитель шума</kwd>
    <kwd>вносимые потери</kwd>
    <kwd>импеданс излучения звука отверстием</kwd>
    <kwd>модуль коэффициента отражения концевого отверстия</kwd>
    <kwd>его присоединенная длина</kwd>
    <kwd>внутренний импеданс источника шума выпуска</kwd>
    <kwd>выпускной коллектор двигателя</kwd>
    <kwd>акустический импеданс коллектора</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>engine’s exhaust noise</kwd>
    <kwd>silencer</kwd>
    <kwd>insertion losses</kwd>
    <kwd>impedance for sound emission by hole</kwd>
    <kwd>end hole’s reflection coefficient modulus</kwd>
    <kwd>end hole’s attached length</kwd>
    <kwd>exhaust noise source internal impedance</kwd>
    <kwd>engine’s exhaust manifold</kwd>
    <kwd>manifold acoustics impedance</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
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