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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Medical Radiology and radiation safety</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Medical Radiology and radiation safety</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Медицинская радиология и радиационная безопасность</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">1024-6177</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">2618-9615</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">47800</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12737/1024-6177-2021-66-6-26-33</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Радиационная биология</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Radiation biology</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Радиационная биология</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Analysis of the Appearance of Micronuclei in the Erythrocytes and Activity of Bone Marrow Cells Proliferation after the Prolonged Low Dose Fast Neutrons Irradiation of Mice</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>АНАЛИЗ ПОЯВЛЕНИЯ МИКРОЯДЕР В ЭРИТРОЦИТАХ  И АКТИВНОСТИ ПРОЛИФЕРАЦИИ КЛЕТОК КОСТНОГО МОЗГА  ПОСЛЕ ПРОЛОНГИРОВАННОГО ОБЛУЧЕНИЯ МЫШЕЙ  БЫСТРЫМИ НЕЙТРОНАМИ В НИЗКИХ ДОЗАХ</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Москалева</surname>
       <given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Moskaleva</surname>
       <given-names>E. Yu.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор биологических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of sciences in biology;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Романцова</surname>
       <given-names>А. Н.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Romantsova</surname>
       <given-names>A. N.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Семочкина</surname>
       <given-names>Ю. П.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Semochkina</surname>
       <given-names>Yu. P.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Родина</surname>
       <given-names>А. В.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Rodina</surname>
       <given-names>A. V.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат биологических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of sciences in biology;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Чешигин</surname>
       <given-names>И. В.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Cheshigin</surname>
       <given-names>I. V.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Дегтярев</surname>
       <given-names>А. С.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Degtyarev</surname>
       <given-names>A. S.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Жирник</surname>
       <given-names>А. С.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Zhirnik</surname>
       <given-names>A. S.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский Центр «Курчатовский институт»</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">NRC «Kurchatov Institute»</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">НИЦ «Курчатовский институт», Москва</institution>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Moscow, Russia</institution>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский центр «Курчатовский институт»</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">NRC Kurchatov Institute</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский Центр «Курчатовский институт»</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">NRC «Kurchatov Institute»</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-5">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный Исследовательский Центр «Курчатовский институт»</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute»,</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-6">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">НИЦ «Курчатовский институт», Москва</institution>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Moscow, Russia</institution>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-7">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">НИЦ «Курчатовский институт», Москва</institution>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Moscow, Russia</institution>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <volume>66</volume>
   <issue>6</issue>
   <fpage>26</fpage>
   <lpage>33</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-12-17T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>17</day>
     <month>12</month>
     <year>2021</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/47800/view">https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/47800/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Цель: Анализ уровня цитогенетических повреждений и активности пролиферации клеток костного мозга у мышей линии С57BL/6 при пролонгированном облучении животных быстрыми нейтронами в диапазоне низких доз 10 – 500 мГр.&#13;
Материал и методы: В экспериментах использовали самцов мышей линии C57BL/6 в возрасте 7–8 и 16 нед. Облучение проводили на установке ОР-М в поле быстрых нейтронов и гамма-квантов с использованием пяти Pu(α,n)Be радионуклидных источников с высоким значением выхода быстрых нейтронов при суммарной мощности дозы от нейтронов и сопутствующих гамма-квантов 2,13 мГр/ч. В клетках костного мозга контрольных и облученных мышей анализировали частоту полихроматофильных (ПХЭ) и нормохромных (НХЭ) эритроцитов с микроядрами (МЯ) и соотношение ПХЭ и НХЭ при световой микроскопии. Активность пролиферации клеток костного мозга оценивали по количеству Ki-67+-клеток. Параметры клеточного цикла и уровень апоптоза исследовали после окрашивания ДНК красителем DAPI с помощью проточной цитометрии. Статистическую обработку результатов проводили по методу Стьюдента с использованием компьютерной программы Origin.&#13;
Результаты: Обнаружено, что пролонгированное облучение мышей в дозах от 10 до 500 мГр через 24 ч приводило к статистически значимому повышению частоты ПХЭ с МЯ при всех исследованных дозах. Зависимости этого показателя от дозы в исследованном диапазоне не наблюдали. Повышение частоты ПХЭ c МЯ при дозе 500 мГр сохранялось, по крайней мере, до 72 ч. Достоверное повышение частоты НХЭ с МЯ через 24 ч после облучения обнаружено только при дозе 500 мГр, и оно сохранялось до 48 ч. При этой дозе обнаружено также снижение количества ядросодержащих клеток в костном мозге через 24 – 72 ч после воздействия, снижение через 24 ч после облучения мышей количества Ki-67+-клеток, блок клеточного цикла в фазе G2/M и снижение клеток в фазе G0/G1, но уже через 48 ч нарушения в клеточном цикле отсутствовали.&#13;
Заключение: Показано, что для однократного общего пролонгированного облучения мышей в низких дозах (10 – 500 мГр) при анализе частоты ПХЭ с МЯ в костном мозге регистрируются цитогенетические повреждения, что свидетельствует о генетической опасности действия даже таких низких уровней облучения быстрыми нейтронами. Снижение количества Ki-67+-клеток и блок клеточного цикла в фазе G2/M обнаружено только после облучения мышей в дозе 500 мГр и только через 24 ч после воздействия, а количество ядросодержащих клеток в костном мозге при этой дозе было снижено до 72 ч.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Purpose: To analyze the level of cytogenetic damage and the activity of bone marrow cells proliferation in C57BL/6 mice after prolonged fast neutrons low dose irradiation at 10–500 mGy. &#13;
Material and methods: Male C57BL/6 mice at the age of 7–8 and 16 weeks were used in the experiments. Irradiation was carried out on an OR-M installation in the field of fast neutrons and gamma quanta using five Pu(α,n)Be radionuclide sources with a high fast neutron yield at a dose rate of 2.13 mGy/h. The frequency of polychromatophilic (PCE) and normochromic (NCE) erythrocytes with micronuclei (MN) and the ratio of PCE and NCE were analyzed using light microscopy after cytochemical staining of the bone marrow cells of control and irradiated mice. The proliferation activity of bone marrow cells was determined by the number of Ki-67+-cells. The parameters of the cell cycle and the level of apoptosis were studied after DNA staining with DAPI using flow cytometry. Statistical processing of the results was carried out according to the Student’s method using the computer program Origin.&#13;
Results: It was found that prolonged irradiation of mice with fast neutrons at a low dose rate (2.13 mGy/h) at doses from 10 to 500 mGy after 24 h led to statistically significant increase in the frequency of PCE with MN at all studied doses. No dose dependence of this parameter was observed in the studied range. The increase in the frequency of PCE with MN at a dose of 500 mGy was prolonged and persisted for at least 72 h. A significant increase in the frequency of NCE with MN 24 h after irradiation was found only at a dose of 500 mGy, which persisted up to 48 h. At this dose, there was also a decrease in the number of nucleated cells in the bone marrow 24 – 72 h after exposure, a decrease in the number of Ki-67+-cells 24 h after irradiation of mice, a block of the cell cycle in the G2/M phase, and a decrease of cells in the G0/G1 phase, but after 48 h, there were no disturbances in the cell cycle. &#13;
Conclusion: It has been shown that after a single total prolonged irradiation of mice at low doses (10–500 mGy), when analyzing the frequency of PCE with MN, cytogenetic damage is recorded in the bone marrow, which indicates the genetic danger of exposure to even such low levels of fast neutron irradiation. A decrease in Ki67+ cells and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase were found only after irradiation of mice at a dose of 500 mGy and only 24 h after exposure, while the number of nucleated cells in the bone marrow at this dose was reduced, at least to 72 h.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>микроядра</kwd>
    <kwd>костный мозг</kwd>
    <kwd>клеточный цикл</kwd>
    <kwd>пролиферация клеток</kwd>
    <kwd>Ki-67</kwd>
    <kwd>быстрые нейтроны</kwd>
    <kwd>пролонгированное облучение</kwd>
    <kwd>низкие дозы</kwd>
    <kwd>мыши</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>micronuclei</kwd>
    <kwd>bone marrow</kwd>
    <kwd>cell cycle</kwd>
    <kwd>cell proliferation</kwd>
    <kwd>Ki-67</kwd>
    <kwd>fast neutrons</kwd>
    <kwd>prolonged irradiation</kwd>
    <kwd>low dose</kwd>
    <kwd>mice</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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  <p></p>
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