Solar-Terrestrial Physics Solar-Terrestrial Physics Solar-Terrestrial Physics 2500-0535 53024 10.12737/stp-91202305 Results of current research Results of current research Results of current research Geomagnetic variations in the frequency range 2.5–12 Hz in the ionospheric F layer as measured by SWARM satellites Колебания геомагнитного поля в диапазоне 2.5–12 Гц в F-слое ионосферы по данным спутников SWARM https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0678-8743 Ягова Надежда Викторовна Yagova Nadezda Viktorovna nyagova@ifz.ru

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5516-3155 Федоров Евгений Николаевич Fedorov Evgeny Nikolaevich enfedorov1@yandex.ru

доктор физико-математических наук;

doctor of physical and mathematical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3056-7465 Пилипенко Вячеслав Анатольевич Pilipenko Vyacheslav Anatolievich space.soliton@gmail.com

доктор физико-математических наук;

doctor of physical and mathematical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1985-8384 Мазур Николай Григорьевич Mazur Nikolay Grigorievich ngmazur@mail.ru

кандидат химических наук;

candidate of chemical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0734-6189 Мартинес-Беденко Валерий Армандович Martines-Bedenko Valery Armandovich lera_m0@mail.ru

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 Институт физики Земли им. О.Ю. Шмидта РАН Москва Россия Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth RAS Moscow Russian Federation Геофизический центр РАН Москва Россия Geophysical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation Институт физики Земли им. О.Ю. Шмидта РАН Москва Россия Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth RAS Moscow Russian Federation Институт физики Земли им. О.Ю. Шмидта РАН Москва Россия Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth RAS Moscow Russian Federation Геофизический центр РАН Москва Россия Geophysical Center RAS Moscow Russian Federation Институт космических исследований Москва Россия Space Research Institute Moscow Russian Federation Институт физики Земли им. О.Ю. Шмидта РАН Москва Россия Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth, RAS Moscow Russian Federation Институт физики Земли им. О.Ю. Шмидта РАН Москва Россия Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth RAS Moscow Russian Federation 28 03 2023 28 03 2023 9 1 34 46 21 09 2022 13 12 2022 https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/53024/view

Исследованы вариации геомагнитного поля диапазона 2.5–12 Гц в F-слое ионосферы выше максимума электронной концентрации по данным измерений на двух спутниках миссии SWARM. Для анализа использовались данные, полученные в условиях слабой и умеренной геомагнитной возмущенности в течение двенадцати дней в сентябре и декабре 2016 г. Для разделения пространственных неоднородностей и временных вариаций магнитного поля изучались временные формы сигналов и кросс-спектры, в скользящем окне длительностью 2.56 с. На широтах вблизи и выше полярной границы аврорального овала, соответствующих входным слоям магнитосферы и области дневного полярного каспа/клефта, обнаружены максимумы вероятности появления колебаний и их спектральной плотности мощности. Типичные высокоширотные колебания представляют собой волновые пакеты длительностью 5–10 периодов, наблюдаемые с малой задержкой на спутниках, разнесенных на расстояние 40–100 км. Предположительно, эти колебания являются ионосферным проявлением электромагнитных ионно-циклотронных волн, которые генерируются во внеэкваториальных областях внешней магнитосферы вблизи полярного каспа. Детально рассматриваются волновые формы и кросс-спектры колебаний для двух событий с отличающимися пространственными распределениями магнитного поля в ионосфере. Для условий в ионосфере, соответствующих событию 1 (17 сентября, геомагнитная широта 80°, послеполуденный сектор), в рамках модели о падении на ионосферу пучка альфвеновских волн конечного радиуса [Fedorov et al., 2018] оценены пространственные распределения магнитного поля волны в ионосфере и на поверхности Земли.

We have analyzed geomagnetic variations in the 2.5–12 Hz frequency range in the ionospheric F layer above the electron density maximum, using data from two SWARM satellites. The analysis is based on the data obtained under weak and moderate magnetic activity for 12 days in September and December 2016. To separate spatial inhomogeneities from time variations of the magnetic field, we analyzed signal waveforms and cross-spectra in a 2.56 s sliding window. A maximum in the occurrence and power spectral density of the variations was found at latitudes above the polar boundary of the auroral oval, which correspond to the magnetospheric input layers and dayside polar cusp/cleft. Typical waveforms of the high-latitude variations are the wave packets lasting for 5–10 periods, recorded with a short time delay by two satellites spaced by 40–100 km. These variations might be the ionospheric manifestation of the electromagnetic ion-cyclotron waves generated at the non-equatorial magnetosphere near the polar cusp. The waveforms and cross-spectra of the variations are examined in more details for two cases with different spatial distributions of the magnetic field in the ionosphere. For the ionospheric conditions corresponding to event 1 (September 17, 80° geomagnetic latitude, afternoon sector), spatial distributions of wave magnetic field in the ionosphere and on Earth are estimated using a model of Alfvén beam with a finite radius incident on the ionosphere [Fedorov et al., 2018].

 ионосфера полярный касп геомагнитные пульсации ionosphere polar cusp geomagnetic pulsations Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания ИФЗ РАН (все авторы) и ГЦ РАН (В.А. Пилипенко) The work was performed under Government assignment of IPE RAS (all authors) and GC RAS (V.A. Pilipenko)

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