Solar-Terrestrial Physics Solar-Terrestrial Physics Solar-Terrestrial Physics 2500-0535 64305 10.12737/stp-93202308 Results of current research Results of current research Results of current research Hysteresis effect between geomagnetic activity indices (Ap, Dst) and interplanetary medium parameters in solar activity cycles 21–24 Hysteresis effect between geomagnetic activity indices (Ap, Dst) and interplanetary medium parameters in solar activity cycles 21–24 Куражковская Надежда Андреевна Kurazhkovskaya Nadezhda Andreevna knady@borok.yar.ru

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 Куражковский Александр Юрьевич Kurazhkovskii Alexander Yur'evich ksasha@borok.yar.ru Геофизическая обсерватория «Борок» ИФЗ РАН Борок Россия Borok Geophysical Observatory of IPE RAS Borok Russian Federation Геофизическая обсерватория “Борок” – филиал Института физики Земли им. О.Ю. Шмидта РАН (ГО “Борок” ИФЗ РАН) Борок Россия Borok Geophysical Observatory, the Branch of Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences Borok Russian Federation 30 09 2023 30 09 2023 9 3 68 76 04 05 2023 06 07 2023 https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/64305/view

We have studied the relationship of geomagnetic activity indices (Ap, Dst) on time intervals, equal to solar cycles (∼11 years), with solar activity indicators and heliospheric parameters. It is shown that the plots of the Ap and Dst indices versus solar activity indicators, as well as versus heliospheric parameters, i.e. solar wind and IMF parameters in the ascending and descending phases of solar activity cycles 21–24 do not coincide, which is indicative of the hysteresis phenomenon. The Ap and Dst indices form hysteresis loops with all parameters we analyze during cycles 21–24. The shape and area of the hysteresis loops, as well as the direction of rotation, clockwise or counterclockwise, depend significantly on indicators of solar activity, heliospheric parameters and change from cycle to cycle. We have found a tendency for the extension and area of the hysteresis loops to decrease from cycle 21 to cycle 24. Analysis of the variability in the shape and size of the hysteresis loops formed by the Ap and Dst indices with solar indicators and heliospheric parameters gives reason to believe that the obtained loops reflect the long-term evolution of the solar wind energy flux, which determines global geomagnetic activity and the magnetospheric ring current intensity in the ascending and descending phases of solar activity cycles 21‒24.

We have studied the relationship of geomagnetic activity indices (Ap, Dst) on time intervals, equal to solar cycles (∼11 years), with solar activity indicators and heliospheric parameters. It is shown that the plots of the Ap and Dst indices versus solar activity indicators, as well as versus heliospheric parameters, i.e. solar wind and IMF parameters in the ascending and descending phases of solar activity cycles 21–24 do not coincide, which is indicative of the hysteresis phenomenon. The Ap and Dst indices form hysteresis loops with all parameters we analyze during cycles 21–24. The shape and area of the hysteresis loops, as well as the direction of rotation, clockwise or counterclockwise, depend significantly on indicators of solar activity, heliospheric parameters and change from cycle to cycle. We have found a tendency for the extension and area of the hysteresis loops to decrease from cycle 21 to cycle 24. Analysis of the variability in the shape and size of the hysteresis loops formed by the Ap and Dst indices with solar indicators and heliospheric parameters gives reason to believe that the obtained loops reflect the long-term evolution of the solar wind energy flux, which determines global geomagnetic activity and the magnetospheric ring current intensity in the ascending and descending phases of solar activity cycles 21‒24.

 geomagnetic activity solar wind solar activity cycles heliospheric parameters hysteresis geomagnetic activity solar wind solar activity cycles heliospheric parameters hysteresis The work was carried out under Government assignment of Borok Geophysical Observatory of IPE RAS No. FMWU-2022-0027 The work was carried out under Government assignment of Borok Geophysical Observatory of IPE RAS No. FMWU-2022-0027

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