Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika Солнечно-земная физика 2712-9640 67881 10.12737/szf-94202313 Результаты исследований Results of current research Результаты исследований Ionospheric longitudinal variability in the Northern Hemisphere during magnetic storms in March 2012 from ionosonde and GPS/GLONASS data Долготная изменчивость ионосферы северного полушария во время магнитных бурь в марте 2012 года по данным ионозондов и GPS/ГЛОНАСС https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8927-5814 Черниговская Марина Артуровна Chernigovskaya Marina Arturovna cher@iszf.irk.ru

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 Ясюкевич Анна Сергеевна Yasyukevich Anna Sergeevna annpol@iszf.irk.ru

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2857-4333 Хабитуев Денис Сергеевич Khabituev Denis Sergeevich khabituev@iszf.irk.ru

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН Иркутск Россия Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS Irkutsk Russian Federation Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН Иркутск Россия Institute of Solar Terrestrial Physics SB RAS Irkutsk Russian Federation Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН Иркутск Россия Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS Irkutsk Russian Federation 20 12 2023 20 12 2023 9 4 108 120 12 07 2023 11 09 2023 https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/67881/view

Комплексное исследование пространственно-временных вариаций геомагнитных, ионосферных и атмосферных параметров в области средних и высоких широт Cеверного полушария в период серии магнитных бурь в марте 2012 г. расширено включением в анализ данных вертикального полного электронного содержания (ПЭС) по измерениям на цепях двухчастотных фазовых приемников GPS/ГЛОНАСС. Установленные ранее по данным вертикального зондирования особенности долготных вариаций ионизации ионосферы над средними широтами Евразии подтверждены данными вертикального ПЭС. Подчеркнута сложная физика длительного магнитовозмущенного периода в марте 2012 г. с переключением между положительным и отрицательным эффектами ионосферной бури на одинаковых фазах магнитной бури для пространственно разнесенных среднеширотных областей восточного полушария. Такие смены эффектов ионосферной бури могли быть связаны с суперпозицией в регионе средних широт восточного полушария конкурирующих процессов из-за изменений состава термосферы, термосферных ветров и крупномасштабных электрических полей, влияющих на ионизацию ионосферы. Отмечены существенные различия в характере реакции ионизации ионосферы восточного и западного полушария на продолжительное геомагнитное возмущение в марте 2012 г. По данным ПЭС на долготах западного полушария в противоположность восточному наблюдался эффект пониженной ионизации ионосферы. Эффект отрицательной ионосферной бури был вызван образованием обширных областей атмосферного газа с пониженным отношением концентраций [O]/[N2] над регионом средних широт западного полушария в зоне максимального проникновения геомагнитных возмущений из высоких широт на средние. По данным цепей магнитометров сети INTERMAGNET для анализируемого периода магнитных бурь 7–20 марта 2012 г. в регионе средних широт Северного полушария максимальные вариации геомагнитного поля наблюдались именно в западном полушарии.

A comprehensive study of spatio-temporal variations of geomagnetic, ionospheric, and atmospheric parameters in the middle and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere during a series of magnetic storms in March 2012 has been expanded by including vertical total electronic content (TEC) data from measurements at the chains of dual-frequency phase receivers GPS/GLONASS in the analysis. The features of longitudinal variations in ionosphere ionization over mid-latitude Eurasia, found earlier from vertical sounding data, are confirmed by vertical TEC data. We emphasize the complex physics of the long magnetically disturbed period in March 2012 with switching between positive and negative effects of an ionospheric storm during the same magnetic storm phases for spaced mid-latitude regions of the Eastern Hemisphere. Such changes in the ionospheric storm effects might have been caused by the superposition of competing processes in the mid-latitude region of the Eastern Hemisphere due to variations in the thermospheric composition, thermospheric winds, and large-scale electric fields affecting ionospheric ionization. We have observed significant differences in the nature of the ionospheric ionization reaction between the Eastern and Western hemispheres to the prolonged geomagnetic disturbance in March 2012. According to TEC data, there was an effect of reduced ionization of the ionosphere at longitudes of the Western Hemisphere, unlike the Eastern one. The effect of a negative ionospheric storm was caused by the formation of vast areas of atmospheric gas with a reduced density ratio [O]/[N2] over the mid-latitude region of the Western Hemisphere in the zone of maximum penetration of geomagnetic disturbances from high latitudes to middle latitudes. According to the INTERMAGNET magnetometer chain data for the analyzed period of magnetic storms on March 7–20, 2012, at midlatitudes of the Northern Hemisphere the maximum geomagnetic field variations were observed in the Western Hemisphere.

 цепь приемников GPS/ГЛО-НАСС цепь ионозондов ионосферные и термосферные возмущения вариации геомагнитного поля геомагнитная буря chain of GPS/GLONASS receivers ionosonde chain ionospheric and thermospheric disturbances geomagnetic field variations geomagnetic storm Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Проекта РНФ № 23-27-00322 The work was financially supported by RSF (Project No. 23-27-00322)

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