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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Solar-Terrestrial Physics</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Solar-Terrestrial Physics</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Solar-Terrestrial Physics</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="online">2500-0535</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">71963</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12737/stp-94202304</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Results of current research</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Results of current research</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Results of current research</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Solar flares with sustained gamma-ray emission and some characteristics of high-energy proton fluxes</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Solar flares with sustained gamma-ray emission and some characteristics of high-energy proton fluxes</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Томозов</surname>
       <given-names>Владимир Михайлович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Tomozov</surname>
       <given-names>Vladimir Mihaylovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат физико-математических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Минасянц</surname>
       <given-names>Геннадий Сергеевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Minasyants</surname>
       <given-names>Gennady Sergeevich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат физико-математических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Минасянц</surname>
       <given-names>Тамара Михайловна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Minasyants</surname>
       <given-names>Tamara Mihaylovna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат физико-математических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН</institution>
     <city>Иркутск</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Solar Terrestrial Physics SB RAS</institution>
     <city>Irkutsk</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Астрофизический институт им. В.Г. Фесенкова НАН РК</institution>
     <city>Алматы</city>
     <country>Казахстан</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute</institution>
     <city>Almaty</city>
     <country>Kazakhstan</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Астрофизический институт им. В.Г. Фесенкова НАН РК</institution>
     <city>Алматы</city>
     <country>Казахстан</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute</institution>
     <city>Almaty</city>
     <country>Kazakhstan</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-28T16:29:58+03:00">
    <day>28</day>
    <month>12</month>
    <year>2023</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-28T16:29:58+03:00">
    <day>28</day>
    <month>12</month>
    <year>2023</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>9</volume>
   <issue>4</issue>
   <fpage>32</fpage>
   <lpage>36</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-04-18T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>18</day>
     <month>04</month>
     <year>2023</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-09-18T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>18</day>
     <month>09</month>
     <year>2023</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/71963/view">https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/71963/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>We describe the characteristics of long-term gamma fluxes with quantum energies &gt;100 MeV, obtained from Fermi/LAT data during the impulsive phase of the most energetic flare phenomena. We compare GOES data on proton fluxes with energies &gt;500 MeV with Fermi/LAT data on gamma fluxes for the period 2010–2018. The results of the analysis of all data obtained on 32 gamma-ray flares from the Fermi/LAT catalog show that the flare phenomena can be classified into three different types: type 1 — gamma fluxes accompanied by energetic proton fluxes; type 2 — gamma rays recorded in the absence of increases in proton fluxes; type 3 — gamma fluxes not recorded during observed increases in energetic proton fluxes. The burst character of energy release in the hard X-ray range was noted in some flares.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>We describe the characteristics of long-term gamma fluxes with quantum energies &gt;100 MeV, obtained from Fermi/LAT data during the impulsive phase of the most energetic flare phenomena. We compare GOES data on proton fluxes with energies &gt;500 MeV with Fermi/LAT data on gamma fluxes for the period 2010–2018. The results of the analysis of all data obtained on 32 gamma-ray flares from the Fermi/LAT catalog show that the flare phenomena can be classified into three different types: type 1 — gamma fluxes accompanied by energetic proton fluxes; type 2 — gamma rays recorded in the absence of increases in proton fluxes; type 3 — gamma fluxes not recorded during observed increases in energetic proton fluxes. The burst character of energy release in the hard X-ray range was noted in some flares.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>flares</kwd>
    <kwd>coronal mass ejections</kwd>
    <kwd>particle acceleration</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>flares</kwd>
    <kwd>coronal mass ejections</kwd>
    <kwd>particle acceleration</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <funding-group>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">The work was financially supported by the Program of Targeted Financing BR05336383 of the Space Committee of MDDDAI of the Republic of Kazakhstan and by the Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Project II.16.3.1)</funding-statement>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was financially supported by the Program of Targeted Financing BR05336383 of the Space Committee of MDDDAI of the Republic of Kazakhstan and by the Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Project II.16.3.1)</funding-statement>
   </funding-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
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