Solar-Terrestrial Physics Solar-Terrestrial Physics Solar-Terrestrial Physics 2500-0535 75783 10.12737/stp-102202404 Results of current research Results of current research Results of current research Variability of ionospheric ionization over Eurasia according to data from a high-latitude ionosonde chain during extreme magnetic storms in 2015 Variability of ionospheric ionization over Eurasia according to data from a high-latitude ionosonde chain during extreme magnetic storms in 2015 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8927-5814 Черниговская Марина Артуровна Chernigovskaya Marina Arturovna cher@iszf.irk.ru

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 Сетов Артём Геннадьевич Setov Artem Gennadyevich artemsetov@gmail.com

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0847-3553 Ратовский Константин Геннадьевич Ratovsky Konstantin Gennadyevich ratovsky@iszf.irk.ru

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7299-6546 Калишин Алексей Сергеевич Kalishin Alexey Sergeevich askalishin@aari.ru

кандидат технических наук;

candidate of technical sciences;

 Степанов Александр Егорович Stepanov Aleksandr Egorovich a_e_stepanov@ikfia.ysn.ru Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН Иркутск Россия Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS Irkutsk Russian Federation Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН Иркутск Россия Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS Irkutsk Russian Federation Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН Иркутск Россия Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS Irkutsk Russian Federation Арктический и антарктический научно-исследовательский институт Санкт-Петербург Россия Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute St. Petersburg Russian Federation Институт космофизических исследований и аэрономии им. Ю.Г. Шафера СО РАН Якутск Россия Yu.G. Shafer Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Aeronomy SB RAS Yakutsk Russian Federation 25 06 2024 25 06 2024 10 2 34 47 07 03 2024 16 04 2024 https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/75783/view

We have examined longitudinal-temporal variations in ionospheric parameters over Eurasia by analyzing data from a chain of high-latitude ionosondes along a latitude circle ~70° N (geomagnetic latitudes 58°<Glat<65°) in the longitudinal sector 26–171° E during severe magnetic storms of solar cycle 24 in March and June 2015. To analyze the response of ionospheric ionization to geomagnetic disturbances, we have used ionosonde data on hourly average critical frequency foF2 of the ionospheric F2 layer. Strong differences were observed between common peculiarities of temporal variations in foF2 for the analyzed periods of magnetic storms, which are likely associated with the characteristic features of the seasonal and diurnal variations in the background high-latitude ionosphere of the given geographic region. During the main and early recovery phases of magnetic storms there were periods of blackouts of ionosonde radio signals. Differences in the character of the ionospheric response to geomagnetic disturbances have been noted. This is probably due to seasonal features of the probability of occurrence of the ionospheric storm positive or negative phase in different seasons of the year. The trends of increasing ionospheric ionization over the vast region of Eastern, Western Siberia and Europe after the end of the extreme magnetic storm in March 2015, according to measurements from the chain of high-latitude ionosondes, may be associated with the formation of an area of increased [O]/[N₂] ratio over this territory. Such an increase in ionospheric ionization exceeding the background level of foF2 values can be considered as a clear manifestation of the after-effect of magnetic storms.

We have examined longitudinal-temporal variations in ionospheric parameters over Eurasia by analyzing data from a chain of high-latitude ionosondes along a latitude circle ~70° N (geomagnetic latitudes 58°<Glat<65°) in the longitudinal sector 26–171° E during severe magnetic storms of solar cycle 24 in March and June 2015. To analyze the response of ionospheric ionization to geomagnetic disturbances, we have used ionosonde data on hourly average critical frequency foF2 of the ionospheric F2 layer. Strong differences were observed between common peculiarities of temporal variations in foF2 for the analyzed periods of magnetic storms, which are likely associated with the characteristic features of the seasonal and diurnal variations in the background high-latitude ionosphere of the given geographic region. During the main and early recovery phases of magnetic storms there were periods of blackouts of ionosonde radio signals. Differences in the character of the ionospheric response to geomagnetic disturbances have been noted. This is probably due to seasonal features of the probability of occurrence of the ionospheric storm positive or negative phase in different seasons of the year. The trends of increasing ionospheric ionization over the vast region of Eastern, Western Siberia and Europe after the end of the extreme magnetic storm in March 2015, according to measurements from the chain of high-latitude ionosondes, may be associated with the formation of an area of increased [O]/[N₂] ratio over this territory. Such an increase in ionospheric ionization exceeding the background level of foF2 values can be considered as a clear manifestation of the after-effect of magnetic storms.

 high-latitude ionosphere; ionosonde chain geomagnetic storm variations of ionospheric ionization high-latitude ionosphere; ionosonde chain geomagnetic storm variations of ionospheric ionization The work was financially supported by RSF (Project No. 23-27-00322) The work was financially supported by RSF (Project No. 23-27-00322)

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