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  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Солнечно-земная физика</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="online">2712-9640</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">82539</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12737/szf-104202406</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Результаты  исследований</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Results of current research</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Результаты  исследований</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Ionospheric response over the high and middle latitude regions of Eurasia according to ionosonde data during the severe magnetic storm in March 2015</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Отклик ионосферы над регионами высоких и средних широт Евразии по данным ионозондов во время экстремальной магнитной бури в марте 2015 г.</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
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    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8927-5814</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Черниговская</surname>
       <given-names>Марина Артуровна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Chernigovskaya</surname>
       <given-names>Marina Arturovna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>cher@iszf.irk.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат физико-математических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0847-3553</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Ратовский</surname>
       <given-names>Константин Геннадьевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Ratovsky</surname>
       <given-names>Konstantin Gennadyevich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>ratovsky@iszf.irk.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат физико-математических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;</p>
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    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8966-4628</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Жеребцов</surname>
       <given-names>Гелий Александрович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Zherebtsov</surname>
       <given-names>Geliy Aleksandrovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>solater@iszf.irk.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор физико-математических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of physical and mathematical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Сетов</surname>
       <given-names>Артём Геннадьевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Setov</surname>
       <given-names>Artem Gennadyevich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>artemsetov@gmail.com</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат физико-математических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
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    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2857-4333</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Хабитуев</surname>
       <given-names>Денис Сергеевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Khabituev</surname>
       <given-names>Denis Sergeevich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>khabituev@iszf.irk.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат физико-математических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;</p>
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    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7299-6546</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Калишин</surname>
       <given-names>Алексей Сергеевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Kalishin</surname>
       <given-names>Alexey Sergeevich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>askalishin@aari.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат технических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of technical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
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    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Степанов</surname>
       <given-names>Александр Егорович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Stepanov</surname>
       <given-names>Aleksandr Egorovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>a_e_stepanov@ikfia.ysn.ru</email>
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    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2254-6138</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Белинская</surname>
       <given-names>Анастасия Юрьевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Belinskaya</surname>
       <given-names>Anastasiya Yuryevna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>belinskayaay@ipgg.sbras.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат физико-математических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
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    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Бычков</surname>
       <given-names>Василий Валентинович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Bychkov</surname>
       <given-names>Vasily Valentinovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>vasily.v.bychkov@gmail.com</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат физико-математических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
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      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Григорьева</surname>
       <given-names>Светлана Анатольевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Grigorieva</surname>
       <given-names>Svetlana Anatolyevna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>ion@arti.igfuroran.ru</email>
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    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Панченко</surname>
       <given-names>Валерий Алексеевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Panchenko</surname>
       <given-names>Valery Alekseevich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>panch@izmiran.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-11"/>
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     <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН</institution>
     <city>Иркутск</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS</institution>
     <city>Irkutsk</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
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    <aff>
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     <country>Russian Federation</country>
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     <country>Россия</country>
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    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт космофизических исследований и аэрономии им. Ю.Г. Шафера СО РАН</institution>
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     <country>Россия</country>
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     <country>Россия</country>
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   <aff-alternatives id="aff-9">
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     <country>Россия</country>
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     <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Radio Wave Propagation FEB RAS</institution>
     <city>Paratunka</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
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     <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт геофизики им. Ю.П. Булашевича УрО РАН</institution>
     <city>Екатеринбург</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Geophysics UB RAS</institution>
     <city>Ekaterinburg</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-11">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт земного магнетизма, ионосферы  и распространения радиоволн им. Н.В. Пушкова РАН</institution>
     <city>Москва, Троицк</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radiowave Propagation RAS</institution>
     <city>Moscow, Troitsk</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
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   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-18T06:21:08+03:00">
    <day>18</day>
    <month>12</month>
    <year>2024</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-18T06:21:08+03:00">
    <day>18</day>
    <month>12</month>
    <year>2024</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>10</volume>
   <issue>4</issue>
   <fpage>51</fpage>
   <lpage>64</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-04-25T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>25</day>
     <month>04</month>
     <year>2024</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-07-02T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>02</day>
     <month>07</month>
     <year>2024</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/82539/view">https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/82539/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Проанализированы пространственно-временные вариации параметров ионосферы над регионами высоких и средних широт Евразии на основе анализа данных цепей высоко- и среднеширотных ионозондов в период сильной магнитной бури в марте 2015 г. Для анализа ионосферного отклика на экстремальное геомагнитное возмущение 24-го цикла солнечной активности использовались данные ионозондов о среднечасовых значениях критической частоты fоF2 слоя F2 ионосферы, критической частоты спорадического слоя foEs и минимальной частоты отражения fmin. Отмечаются сильные широтные и долготные различия в особенностях временных вариаций анализируемых ионосферных параметров как в спокойных условиях до начала магнитной бури, так  и во время ее развития. Обсуждаются возможные причины наблюдаемых пространственных вариаций ионосферных параметров. Источником пространственно-временных вариаций параметров ионизации ионосферы могут быть неоднородности, генерируемые в ионосфере высоких широт в условиях повышенной гелиогеомагнитной активности. На главной и восстановительной фазах магнитной бури наблюдались периоды блэкаутов радиосигналов ионозондов как на высоких, так и на средних широтах. В эти периоды отмечался существенный рост поглощения радиоволн, используемых при зондировании ионозондами, а также частоты появления экранирующих слоев Es. Длительный эффект отрицательной ионосферной бури над регионами высоких и средних широт Европы объясняется перемещением области пониженного отношения концентраций [O]/[N2] на высотах термосферы из региона Дальнего Востока и Сибири на запад к европейской территории на позднем периоде восстановительной фазы магнитной бури. Повышенная ионизация F2-области над обширным регионом Восточной, Западной Сибири и Восточной Европы после завершения магнитной бури в марте 2015 г. является проявлением эффекта последействия магнитных бурь. Особенно ярко рост ионизации проявился по данным измерений цепи среднеширотных ионозондов.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>We have analyzed spatial and temporal variations in ionospheric parameters over high and middle latitudes of Eurasia, using data from chains of high- and mid-latitude ionosondes during a severe magnetic storm in March 2015. To analyze the ionospheric response to the severe geomagnetic disturbance of solar cycle 24, we have employed ionosonde data on hourly average values of the critical frequency foF2 of the ionospheric F2 layer, the critical frequency of the sporadic layer foEs, and the minimum reflection frequency fmin. There are strong latitudinal and longitudinal differences between the features of temporal variations in the analyzed ionospheric parameters both under quiet conditions before the magnetic storm onset and during the storm. We discuss possible causes of the observed spatial variations in ionospheric parameters. The source of spatio-temporal variations in ionospheric ionization parameters may be inhomogeneities generated in the high-latitude ionosphere under conditions of increased helio-geomagnetic activity. During the magnetic storm main and recovery phases, periods of blackouts of radio signals from ionosondes were observed at both high and middle latitudes. During these periods, there was a significant increase in the absorption of radio waves used in ionosonde sounding, as well as in the frequency of occurrence of screening sporadic Es layers. The long-term effect of the negative ionospheric storm over high and middle latitudes of Europe is explained by the movement of the vast region of the reduced density ratio [O]/[N2] at thermosphere heights from the Far East and Siberia westward to Europe during the late recovery phase of the magnetic storm. Increased ionization of the ionospheric F2 layer with foF2 exceeding the level for quiet days before the onset of the magnetic disturbance over the vast region of Eastern, Western Siberia and Eastern Europe after the end of the magnetic storm in March 2015 is a manifestation of the aftereffect of magnetic storms. The increase in ionization was especially pronounced, as measured by the chain of mid-latitude ionosondes.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>высоко- и среднеширотная ионосфера</kwd>
    <kwd>цепь ионозондов</kwd>
    <kwd>геомагнитная буря</kwd>
    <kwd>вариации ионизации ионосферы</kwd>
    <kwd>вариации состава термосферы</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>high- and mid-latitude ionosphere</kwd>
    <kwd>ionosonde chain</kwd>
    <kwd>geomagnetic storm</kwd>
    <kwd>variations in ionosphere ionization</kwd>
    <kwd>variations in thermosphere composition</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <funding-group>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа частично выполнена при финансовой поддержке Минобрнауки России; НИТР Росгидромета «Развитие и модернизация технологий мониторинга геофизической обстановки над территорией Российской Федерации и Арктики»; Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (проект FWZZ-2022-0019); государственного задания ИКИР ДВО РАН (рег. № НИОКТР 124012300245-2)</funding-statement>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was partially carried out with the financial support from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation; under the Project &quot;Development and Modernization of Technologies for Monitoring Geophysical Conditions over the Territory of the Russian Federation and the Arctic&quot;; the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (project FWZZ-2022-0019); IKIR FEB RAS assignment (State Registration Number in INIS RDE 124012300245-2).</funding-statement>
   </funding-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
 <back>
  <ref-list>
   <ref id="B1">
    <label>1.</label>
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