Solar-Terrestrial Physics Solar-Terrestrial Physics Solar-Terrestrial Physics 2500-0535 82540 10.12737/stp-104202406 Results of current research Results of current research Results of current research Ionospheric response over the high and middle latitude regions of Eurasia according to ionosonde data during the severe magnetic storm in March 2015 Ionospheric response over the high and middle latitude regions of Eurasia according to ionosonde data during the severe magnetic storm in March 2015 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8927-5814 Черниговская Марина Артуровна Chernigovskaya Marina Arturovna cher@iszf.irk.ru

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0847-3553 Ратовский Константин Геннадьевич Ratovsky Konstantin Gennadyevich ratovsky@iszf.irk.ru

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8966-4628 Жеребцов Гелий Александрович Zherebtsov Geliy Aleksandrovich solater@iszf.irk.ru

доктор физико-математических наук;

doctor of physical and mathematical sciences;

 Сетов Артём Геннадьевич Setov Artem Gennadyevich artemsetov@gmail.com

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2857-4333 Хабитуев Денис Сергеевич Khabituev Denis Sergeevich khabituev@iszf.irk.ru

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7299-6546 Калишин Алексей Сергеевич Kalishin Alexey Sergeevich askalishin@aari.ru

кандидат технических наук;

candidate of technical sciences;

 Степанов Александр Егорович Stepanov Aleksandr Egorovich a_e_stepanov@ikfia.ysn.ru https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2254-6138 Белинская Анастасия Юрьевна Belinskaya Anastasiya Yuryevna belinskayaay@ipgg.sbras.ru

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 Бычков Василий Валентинович Bychkov Vasily Valentinovich vasily.v.bychkov@gmail.com

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 Григорьева Светлана Анатольевна Grigorieva Svetlana Anatolyevna ion@arti.igfuroran.ru Панченко Валерий Алексеевич Panchenko Valery Alekseevich panch@izmiran.ru Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН Иркутск Россия Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS Irkutsk Russian Federation Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН Иркутск Россия Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS Irkutsk Russian Federation Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН Иркутск Россия Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS Irkutsk Russian Federation Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН Иркутск Россия Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS Irkutsk Russian Federation Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН Иркутск Россия Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS Irkutsk Russian Federation Арктический и антарктический научно-исследовательский институт Санкт-Петербург Россия Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute St. Petersburg Russian Federation Институт космофизических исследований и аэрономии им. Ю.Г. Шафера СО РАН Якутск Россия Yu.G. Shafer Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Aeronomy SB RAS Yakutsk Russian Federation Институт нефтегазовой геологии и геофизики им. А.А. Трофимука СО РАН Новосибирск Россия Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS Novosibirsk Russian Federation Институт космофизических исследований и распространения радиоволн ДВО РАН Паратунка Россия Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Radio Wave Propagation FEB RAS Paratunka Russian Federation Институт геофизики им. Ю.П. Булашевича УрО РАН Екатеринбург Россия Institute of Geophysics UB RAS Ekaterinburg Russian Federation Институт земного магнетизма, ионосферы и распространения радиоволн им. Н.В. Пушкова РАН Москва, Троицк Россия Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radiowave Propagation RAS Moscow, Troitsk Russian Federation 18 12 2024 18 12 2024 10 4 46 58 25 04 2024 02 07 2024 https://zh-szf.ru/en/nauka/article/82540/view

We have analyzed spatial and temporal variations in ionospheric parameters over high and middle latitudes of Eurasia, using data from chains of high- and mid-latitude ionosondes during a severe magnetic storm in March 2015. To analyze the ionospheric response to the severe geomagnetic disturbance of solar cycle 24, we have employed ionosonde data on hourly average values of the critical frequency foF2 of the ionospheric F2 layer, the critical frequency of the sporadic layer foEs, and the minimum reflection frequency fmin. There are strong latitudinal and longitudinal differences between the features of temporal variations in the analyzed ionospheric parameters both under quiet conditions before the magnetic storm onset and during the storm. We discuss possible causes of the observed spatial variations in ionospheric parameters. The source of spatio-temporal variations in ionospheric ionization parameters may be inhomogeneities generated in the high-latitude ionosphere under conditions of increased helio-geomagnetic activity. During the magnetic storm main and recovery phases, periods of blackouts of radio signals from ionosondes were observed at both high and middle latitudes. During these periods, there was a significant increase in the absorption of radio waves used in ionosonde sounding, as well as in the frequency of occurrence of screening sporadic Es layers. The long-term effect of the negative ionospheric storm over high and middle latitudes of Europe is explained by the movement of the vast region of the reduced density ratio [O]/[N2] at thermosphere heights from the Far East and Siberia westward to Europe during the late recovery phase of the magnetic storm. Increased ionization of the ionospheric F2 layer with foF2 exceeding the level for quiet days before the onset of the magnetic disturbance over the vast region of Eastern, Western Siberia and Eastern Europe after the end of the magnetic storm in March 2015 is a manifestation of the aftereffect of magnetic storms. The increase in ionization was especially pronounced, as measured by the chain of mid-latitude ionosondes.

We have analyzed spatial and temporal variations in ionospheric parameters over high and middle latitudes of Eurasia, using data from chains of high- and mid-latitude ionosondes during a severe magnetic storm in March 2015. To analyze the ionospheric response to the severe geomagnetic disturbance of solar cycle 24, we have employed ionosonde data on hourly average values of the critical frequency foF2 of the ionospheric F2 layer, the critical frequency of the sporadic layer foEs, and the minimum reflection frequency fmin. There are strong latitudinal and longitudinal differences between the features of temporal variations in the analyzed ionospheric parameters both under quiet conditions before the magnetic storm onset and during the storm. We discuss possible causes of the observed spatial variations in ionospheric parameters. The source of spatio-temporal variations in ionospheric ionization parameters may be inhomogeneities generated in the high-latitude ionosphere under conditions of increased helio-geomagnetic activity. During the magnetic storm main and recovery phases, periods of blackouts of radio signals from ionosondes were observed at both high and middle latitudes. During these periods, there was a significant increase in the absorption of radio waves used in ionosonde sounding, as well as in the frequency of occurrence of screening sporadic Es layers. The long-term effect of the negative ionospheric storm over high and middle latitudes of Europe is explained by the movement of the vast region of the reduced density ratio [O]/[N2] at thermosphere heights from the Far East and Siberia westward to Europe during the late recovery phase of the magnetic storm. Increased ionization of the ionospheric F2 layer with foF2 exceeding the level for quiet days before the onset of the magnetic disturbance over the vast region of Eastern, Western Siberia and Eastern Europe after the end of the magnetic storm in March 2015 is a manifestation of the aftereffect of magnetic storms. The increase in ionization was especially pronounced, as measured by the chain of mid-latitude ionosondes.

 high- and mid-latitude ionosphere ionosonde chain geomagnetic storm variations in ionosphere ionization variations in thermosphere composition high- and mid-latitude ionosphere ionosonde chain geomagnetic storm variations in ionosphere ionization variations in thermosphere composition The work was partially carried out with the financial support from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation; under the Project "Development and Modernization of Technologies for Monitoring Geophysical Conditions over the Territory of the Russian Federation and the Arctic"; the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (project FWZZ-2022-0019); IKIR FEB RAS assignment (State Registration Number in INIS RDE 124012300245-2). The work was partially carried out with the financial support from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation; under the Project "Development and Modernization of Technologies for Monitoring Geophysical Conditions over the Territory of the Russian Federation and the Arctic"; the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (project FWZZ-2022-0019); IKIR FEB RAS assignment (State Registration Number in INIS RDE 124012300245-2).

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