Russian Federation
UDC 621.45.038.77
modeling of the efficiency of multilayer screens for protection against gamma radiation is considered, and the main factors affecting the shielding efficiency, including the energy of gamma quanta, the radiation structure, the effect of scattered radiation accumulation, and the possibility of activating screen materials. The effectiveness of protecting devices from pulsed gamma radiation using multilayer hemispherical screens is investigated. A mathematical model is proposed for calculating the intensity of gamma radiation after passing through various types of screens.Three standard radiation sources (point, flat and cylindrical) are considered. The accumulation effect depending on the scattering of gamma quanta in the material is taken into account. The advantages of multilayer screens providing selective absorption and suppression of scattered radiation are analyzed. Data on the attenuation coefficients of various materials (lead, tungsten, concrete, water, polyethylene, steel) and their effect on the shielding efficiency are presented, as well as information on the propensity of materials to activate radioactivity. Based on the analysis carried out, various options for constructing two - and three-layer screens are proposed, taking into account both the absence and presence of active materials. Examples of layer combinations and recommendations for choosing materials depending on the gamma-ray energy and safety requirements are presented. Screens are modeled for a given source geometry and gamma radiation, the necessary layer thickness is calculated to achieve a given level of protection, as well as the weight of structures and the time of safe operation are calculated. The simulation results confirm the effectiveness of multi-layer screens and the importance of taking into account the accumulation effect to improve the accuracy of forecasting. Tabular and graphical data are presented, which are used to evaluate the effectiveness of a multilayer material.
gamma radiation, protection, screen, shielding, multilayer screens, accumulation effect, activation radioactivity, mod-eling, photoelectric effect, Compton effect, electron-positron pair formation, direct interaction with the nucle-us, materials for protection against gamma radiation, at-tenuation coefficient, secondary radiation, intensity, radia-tion sources.
1. Karetnikov M. D. Izmerenie gamma-neytronnogo izlucheniya detektorami c upravlenimom proskazaniem v usloviyakh moshchnogo pulsed ioniziruyushchego izlucheniya [Measurement of gamma-neutron radiation by detectors with controlled transmission in conditions of powerful pulsed ionizing radiation]. Vakuumnaya nauka i tekhnika: Tezisy XXXI mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-tekhnicheskoi konferentsii, Pyatigorsk, October 01-05, 2024. – Moscow: LLC "Electrovacuum technologies", 2024. - pp. 31-33. - EDN JFCIVP.
2. StryakhninV. L., Gromov V. T. Metodika izmereniya set dosy gamma-izlucheniya v polje gamma-neutronnogo izlucheniya na osnove kondensatora K-52 [Method for measuring the gamma radiation dose set in the field of gamma-neutron radiation based on the K-52 capacitor Stryahin]. Voprosy atomicheskoi nauki i tekhniki [Issues of Atomic Science and Technology]. Series: Physics of radiation impact on radio-electronic equipment. - 2006. - № 3-4. - PP. 84-85. - EDN NBFYCT.
3. Utility model patent No. 90923 U1 Russian Federation, IPC G21C 17/032. device for detecting gamma radiation of liquid media and spectrometric liquid monitor of gammaradiation: No. 2009135141/22: application 22.09.2009: published 20.01.2010 / A.V. Druzyagin, G. M. Mikhailov, D. E. Meleta, V. V. Chigir; applicant Limited Liability Company responsible Scientific and Production Enterprise " Radiation control. Devices and methods". – EDN GVAQES.
4. Utility model patent No. 91779 U1 Russian Federation, IPC G21C 17/032. Druzyagin A.V., Mikhailov G. M., Meleta D. E. Device for detecting gamma radiation in gas media and a spectometric gas monitor of gammaradiation: No. 2009138746/22 : application No. 21.10.2009 : publicationNo. 27.02.2010 / A. V. Druzyagin, G. M. Mikhailov, D. E. Meleta [et al.]; applicant Scientific and Production Enterprise " Radiation Control. Devices and methods". – EDN AZQPVL.
5. External dosimetric audit of absolute calibration of clinical gamma radiation beams of remote gamma radiation therapy devices. - Moscow: Scientific and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow City Health Department, 2020. - 30 p. - EDN XPAJON.
6. The Effect of Gamma Rays on the Main Static Characteristics of SiGe Transistors / O. V. Dvornikov, V. L. Dziatlau, N. N. Prokopenko, V. A. Tchekhovski // Bulletin of National Technical University of Ukraine. Series Radiotechnique. Radioapparatus building. – 2017. – No. 71. – P. 40-45. – EDN YLDGLC.
7. Certificate of state registration of a computer program No. 2024691563 Russian Federation. Program for automatic calculation of the activity of an ionizing radiation source based on the dose rate of gammaradiation: 11.12.2024 : application No. 11.12.2024 : publ. 23.12.2024 / S. A. Molchanov, S. M. Lukina; the applicant is the Russian Federation, on behalf of which the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters acts. – EDN AZNWYV.
8. Khvoynov O. V., Novikov D. I., Berezin A. A., Khokhlov V. N. Razrabotka programmnogo koda dlya chislennogo modelirovaniya pereneniya gamma izlucheniya [Development of a program code for numerical modeling of gamma radiation transfer]. - 2021. - No. 6. - pp. 169-172. - EDN BUUBIF.
9. SvertilovS. I. Local sources of X-ray and gamma radiation / S. I. Svertilov // Collection of abstracts of scientific research and experimental design works. Episode 16: 29. Physics. 30. Mechanics. 41. Astronomy. 89. Space research. - 2007. - No. 5. - P. 230. - EDN IBHWXN.
10. Modeling the dose of gamma radiation for continuous protection in the form of a cube / A. N. Panyushkin, N. N. Panyushkin, A.M. Khvorykh [et al.] / / Donetsk Readings 2023: education, science, innovation, culture and challenges of modernity: Materials of the VIII International Scientific Conference, Donetsk, October 25-27, 2023. - Donetsk: Donetsk State University, 2023. - pp. 341-343. - EDN UZWXZD.
11. Zhukovsky M. V. Factor of accumulation of gamma radiation: history, current state, prospects / M. V. Zhukovsky // Research trajectory – man, nature, technology. – 2024. – № 2(10). – Pp. 84-204 – - DOI 10.56564 / 27825264_2024_2_84 – - EDN DYWPXX.
12. PHYSICS, PhD. Analysis of research methods from gama - cure / PhD. Physics-MATHEMATICAL and TECHNICAL SCIENCES AS a POST-INDUSTRIAL FOUNDATION FOR the DEVELOPMENT of the INFORMATION SOCIETY : a collection of articles based on the results of the International Scientific and Practical Conference. PHYSICAL, MATHEMATICAL AND TECHNICAL SCIENCES AS A POST-INDUSTRIAL BASIS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INFORMATION SOCIETY: a collection of articles on the results of the International Scientific and Practical Conference "SOCIETY : International Scientific and Practical Conference", Orenburg, January 23, 2020. Orenburg: Limited Liability Company "International Research Agency", 2020, pp. 66-68. KFFPHM PUBLISHING HOUSE.
13. Ovsyannikov V. V., Mitina D. A., Istratii I. I. Listovoi kompozitsionny material dlya zashchity ot roentgenovskogo i gamma-izlucheniya [Sheet composite material for protection from X-ray and gamma radiation]. Sbornik dokladov Mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-tekhnicheskoi konferentsii molodykh uchenykh BSTU im. Vg Shukhov: Sbornik dokladov konferentsii, Belgorod, 29-30 May 2025. Belgorod: Belgorod State Technological University named after V. G. Shukhov, 2025. - pp. 133-137. - EDN YOWCRY.
14. New composite materials for protection from gamma radiation / D. I. Tishkevich, S. A. German, A. L. Zheludkevich [et al.] / / Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Series of Physical and Technical Sciences. - 2023. - Vol. 68, No. 3. - pp. 183-195. - DOIhttps://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8358-2023-68-3-183-195 – - EDN ALEEEEE.
15. Yastrebinsky R. N., Bondarenko G. G., Karnaukhov A. A. Multigroup modeling of protection from neutron and gamma radiation by materials based on titanium hydride. – 2022. – № 6. –P. 25-36. – DOIhttps://doi.org/10.30791/1028-978X-2022-6-25-36. – EDN ORJPLS.
16. YaroshchikK. V. Protection against gamma radiation based on silicone materials with a tungsten filler / K. V. Yaroshchik / / ANRI. – 2025. – № 2(121). – Pp. 72-76. - DOI 10.37414 / 2075-1338-2025-121-2-72-76 – - EDN RHAERL.
17. Composite material for protection from gamma radiation / R.N. Yastrebinsky, V. I. Pavlenko, P. V. Matyukhin, N. A. Chetverikov // Bulletin of the Belgorod State Technological University named after V. G. Shukhov. - 2011. - No. 3. - pp. 17-20. - EDN OAKGNL.
18. Sokolenko I. V., Yastrebinsky R.N., Matyukhin P. V., Ivanitsky D. A. Razrabotka radiatsionno-zashchitnogo kompozita dlya zashchity ot gamma - izlucheniya [Development of a radiation-protective composite for protection from gamma radiation]. - 2015. - No. 10. - pp. 40-43. - EDN VCPACJ.
19. Development and research of radio - and radiation-protective materials / V. N. Gulbin, V. A. Mikheev, N. S. Kolpakov, V. V. Cherdyntsev / / Nuclear Physics and Engineering. - 2013. - Vol. 4, No. 6. - p. 597. - DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1134/S2079562913060055. - EDN QAXQHH.
20. Global, V. K. Attenuation of gamma rays in a polyimide material filled with tungsten oxide / V. K. Kipersha // Global scientific trends: integration and 'NYE nauchnye tendentsii: integratsiya i innovatsii : Sbornik statei Mehdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii, Simferopol, 22 oktyabrya 2024 goda [Global Scientific Trends: Integration and Innovations: Collection of Articles of the International Scientific and Practical Conference]. Simferopol: Limited Liability Company "Publishing House Printing House "Arial", 2025. - pp. 53-59. - EDN QTADZA.
21. KurteevA.V.Kurteev, Sevastyanov M. M., Tashlykov O. L. Razrabotka modeli sobrannoi mobil'noi radiatsionnoi zashchity [Development of a model of combined mobile radiation protection of toxins // Energo]. Energy supply. Non-traditional and renewable energy sources. Nuclear Power Engineering: Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference of Students, Postgraduates and Young Scientists dedicated to the memory of Prof. Danilova N. I. (1945-2015) - Danilovsky Readings, Yekaterinburg, December 09-13, 2019 / Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin. Yekaterinburg: Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, 2019, pp. 741-744. EDN VLUHIL.
22. Patent No. 2700578 C1 Russian Federation, IPC G21F 1/00. Sposob radiatsionnoi zashchity ot ioniziruyushchego izlucheniya: No. 2018121238 : priklavl. 07.06.2018 : publ. 18.09.2019 / V. M. Makarov, S. Z. k. Kalaeva, A. Yu. Dubov [et al.]; applicant: Feros Limited Liability Company(Feros LLCFeros). – EDN LDWFFJ.
