Northeast Russia covers areas that significantly differ in extreme impact of natural and climatic factors. Despite the fact that the cities of Anadyr (64°44′00″N 177°31′00″E) and Magadan (59°34′00″N 150°48′00″E) are situated on the coast and experience equal specific influence of the sea climate, abiotic parameters of those environments affect residents of the areas in different ways. Respiratory system has proved to be the most exposed to such conditions and susceptible to potential pathology. Reasoning from this fact it became of interest to study main indices of lung function observed in male students of different northern regions. Computerized spirography was used to comparatively examine the lungs’ volume and flow parameters in 466 north-born male Caucasians in the 1st-2nd generation and 118 male Indigenes residing in Chukotka and Magadan region. As resulted from the study the examinees demonstrated significant differences depending on either place of residence or ethnic origin. The Indigenous subjects from Anadyr were the highest in volume parameters (VC 107%, FVC 112%) while maximal volume and flow indices were demonstrated by Indigenes of Magadan (MEF50 119%, MEF75 139%). The strongest structure of correlation between indices of lung function was found in Caucasians of Anadyr who demonstrated the parameters’ significant interdependence. Indigenes of Magadan region had much fewer correlations. Having analyzed the compensatory and adaptive processes, observed in both examined subjects residing in the same climatic area, we found those processes running the way of convergent adaptation that features the subjects’ lung function indices to become closer.
Extreme North, young males, Caucasians, Indigenes, lung function, adaptation.
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