COPOLYMERS OF STYRENE AND DIVINYL BENZENE WITH CHROMOGENIC GROUPS FOR ENVIRONMENT CONTROL
Abstract and keywords
Abstract (English):
Now used in Russia means of indication in express analysis methods for environment control have a wide dispersion on hazardous substances determination accuracy. In case of visual indication’s new means implementation it is necessary to show experimentally that they are suitable for the solution of expected tasks with a minimum error for results of polluting and dangerous substances’ ions concentration analysis. Reusable solid-phase color indicators based on styrene and divinyl benzene copolymers containing chromogenic groups in their structure have been considered in this paper and these solidphase color indicators practical use possibility assessment after color digitization, and express analysis techniques accuracy assessment on a number of water objects for identification of their toxico-ecological condition has been carried out.

Keywords:
solid-phase indicators, scales simulations, color reproduction, toxicometry, environment quality control, ecological control, biosphere control.
Text
Text (PDF): Read Download

1. Методы экспрессного анализа содержания вредных веществ

В настоящее время в практике экспрессного анализа количественного содержания различных веществ в окружающей среде широко востребованы малогабаритные устройства, работающие на источниках питания (аккумуляторах, батарейках), рассчитанных на 100–400 ч работы. Однако малогабаритные рН-метры имеют ряд недостатков, сокращающих область их применения. Использование электрода с пластиковой мембраной не позволяет проводить измерение в горячих растворах, в агрессивных средах, органических растворителях, а также они должны в дальнейшем утилизироваться как отработавшие приборы.

Для выпускаемых в широком ассортименте комплектов для экспрессного анализа различных ионов на бумажном носителе характерен большой разброс погрешности при определении вредных веществ. Для бумаг одноразового использования погрешность составляет 5–50%, а для трубок с наполнителем, пропитанным индикатором, 5–20% [1]. Для желатиновых пленок, модифицированных металлоиндикатором, относительная погрешность тест-определения суммы металлов по визуальной шкале не превышает 30% [2]. Описан метод определения суммарного количества в воде Pb(II), Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cd(II), Cu(II) и Zn(II), основанный на сочетании сорбционно-спектроскопического и визуально-тестового методов с использованием реагентной индикаторной бумаги с ковалентно закрепленным формазаном [3]. Формально производными неизвестного в свободном виде формазана являются соединения с общей формулой R1N=N–CR2=N–NHR3 [3].

References

1. Ostrovskaya V.M., Sergeev S.M., Sharapa O.V. Sposob opredeleniya monometilanilina v avtomobil’nom benzene indikatornym testovym sredstvom [A method for determining monomethylaniline in automotive gasoline indicator test tool]. Patent RU, no. 2489715, 2013. (in Russian)

2. Reshetnyak E.A, Nikitina N.A, Loginova L.P. et. Protoliticheskie i kompleksoobrazuyushchie svoystva indikatorov v srede zhelatinovogo gelya [Protolytic and complexing properties of the indicators in the medium gelatin gel]. Vestnik Khar’kovskogo natsional’nogo universiteta [Bulletin of Kharkiv National University]. 2005, I. 669. Khimiya [Chemistry], I. 13(36), pp. 67-82. (in Russian)

3. Reshetnyak E.A., Shevchenko V.N., Ostrovskaya V.M. et. Indikatornaya bumaga dlya opredeleniya summarnogo soderzhaniya tyazhelykh metallov v vodnykh sredakh [Test paper for the determination of the total content of heavy metals in aquatic environments]. Voda: khimiyaiekologiya [ Water: chemistry and ecology], 2015, I. 2, pp. 65-71. (in Russian)

4. Ostrovskaya V.M., Zolotov Y.A., Tsygankov A.V., Prokopenko O.A., Man’shev D.A. Reagentnaya indikatornaya bumaga dlya opredeleniya alyuminiya [The reagent test paper for the determination of aluminum]. PatentRU, no. 2284520, 2006. (in Russian).

5. Tsygankov A.V. Test-sredstva dlya opredeleniya alyuminiya, nitrata i peroksida vodoroda na osnove tsellyuloznykh nositeley s kovalentno zakreplennymikh romogennymi reagentami. Kand. Diss. [Test means for the determination of aluminum nitrate and hydrogen peroxide based on cellulosic carrier with covalently fixed chromogenicreagents. Cand. Diss]. Moscow, 2010. 119 p.

6. Reshetnyak E.A., Nikitina N.A. Vliyanie materiala nositelya na predel obnaruzheniya pri vizual’nom testirovanii [The impact of the support material to the limit of detection by visual testing]. Vestnik Khar’kovskogo natsional’nogo universiteta [Bulletin of Kharkiv National University]. 2007, V. 15(38), I. 770, pp. 119-125. (in Russian)

7. Reshetnyak E.A., Choline Y.V., Shevchenko V.N. Postroenie tsvetovykh shkal dlya vizual’noy kolorimetrii [Construction of color scales for visual colorimetry]. Metody iob”yektyk himicheskogo analiza [Methods and objects of chemical analysis]. 2011, V.6, I. 4, pp. 188-197. (in Russian)

8. Vasenko A.G., Vernichenko A.A., Vernichenko-Tsvetkov D.Y. Nekotorye aspekty postroeniya otsenochnykh shkal ekologicheskikh klassifikatsiy poverkhnostnykh vod [Some aspects of building environmental rating scales classification of surface water]. Ekosistemy, ikh optimizatsiya i okhrana [Ecosystems, their optimization and security]. 2013, I. 8, pp. 146-153. (in Russian)

9. Ivanov V.M., Kuznetsova O.V. Khimicheskaya tsvetometriya: vozmozhnosti metoda, oblasti primeneniya i perspektivy [Chemical colorimetry: possibilities of the method, scope and perspectives]. Uspekhi khimii [Russian chemical Reviews]. 2001, V. 70, I. 5, pp. 411-428. (in Russian)

10. Belov N.P., Grisimov V.N., Yaskov A.D. Laboratornyy spektrometr dlya issledovaniya koeffitsienta otrazheniya i opredeleniya parametrov tsvetnosti diffuzno otrazhayushchikh ob”ektov [Laboratory spectrometer for the study of the reflection coefficient and determination of color parameters of diffusely reflecting objects]. Izvestiya vuzov/Priborostroyeniye [Proceedings of the universities / Instrumentation]. 2010, I. 7, pp. 74-78. (in Russian)

11. Yagodyn G.A., Cherkasova T.A., LeikinY.A. et. Sshityy sopolimer stirola i divinilbenzola, soderzhashchiy khromogennuyu gruppu v kachestve pH-indikatora sredy dlya vizual’nogo kontrolya [Crosslinked styrene divinylbenzene copolymer containing group as a chromogenic pH-indicator for visual environment control]. Inventor’s Certificate-SUno. 1392073, 1988, 120 p. (in Russian)

12. Bespamyatnov G.P., Krotov Y.A. Predel’no-dopustimyye kontsentratsii khimicheskikh veshchestv v okruzhayushchey srede [Maximum allowable concentration of environmental chemicals]. Leningrad, 1985, pp. 465-466

13. Normativy kachestva vody vodnykh ob”ektov rybokhozyaystvennogo znacheniya, v tom chisle normativy predel’no-dopustimykh kontsentratsiy vrednykh veshchestv v vodnykh ob”ektakh rybo-khozyaystvennogo znacheniya ot 09.02.2010 [Water Quality Standards fishery water bodies, including the standards of maximum permissible concentrations of harmful substances in the water bodies of fish-economic importance. 09.02.2010]. Federal Fishery Agency, I. 16326

14. Leikin Y.A. Fiziko-khimicheskiye osnovy sinteza polimernykh sorbentov [Physical and chemical bases of synthesis of polymeric sorbents]. Moscow, BINOM. Knowledge Lab Publ., 2011. 413 p.

15. Linnik P.N. Soderzhanie labil’noy fraktsii metallov v poverkhnostnykh vodakh kak vazhnyy element pri otsenke ikh potentsial’noy toksichnosti [The content of labile metal fractions in surface waters as an important element in the assessment of their potential toxicity]. Gidrobiologicheskiy zhurnal [Hydrobiological journal]. 2010, V. 46, I. 6, pp. 90-105. (in Russian)

Login or Create
* Forgot password?