Domestic and foreign publications on the problem of low-frequency alternating magnetic fields effects on human being have been considered and analyzed in this review. The low-frequency magnetic field is biologically active factor whose effects and its result depend on many others factors, both external (magnetic fields’ frequency and intensity, exposure duration), and internal and individual ones, such as health of the person being subject to impact, nervous system’s state at the moment of exposure, the person’s nervous system excitability level, etc. The magnetic field may have either a positive (therapeutic) effects in certain modes and doses, and the negative one, adversely affecting person’s health (the negative effects, unfortunately, much more common and is considered as a harmful production factor and a factor of environmental pollution).
magnetic field, low frequencies, effects on the human body, adverse effect, therapeutic effect.
1. Биофизические механизмы воздействия поля на организм
Научные исследования воздействия электромагнитных полей (ЭМП) на человека в России и за рубежом начали проводиться с середины ХХ в. в связи с масштабным строительством линий электропередач высокого (110–220 кВ) и сверхвысокого (330–750 кВ) напряжения. За это время произошла значительная эволюция представлений о влиянии полей на человека. Долгое время считалось, что магнитная составляющая ЭМП промышленной частоты оказывает незначительное биологическое действие на организм. Подчеркнем, что на подстанциях, особенно закрытого исполнения, нередко наблюдаются превышение уровней магнитных полей (МП) над гигиеническими нормативами [1]. Обеспечение электромагнитной безопасности населения при воздействии электромагнитных полей (ЭМП) частотой 50 Гц составляет значительную проблему, особенно в части воздействия магнитной составляющей ЭМП, в связи с повышением риска потери здоровья [2].
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