Moskva, Moscow, Russian Federation
Ufa, Russian Federation
Moskva, Moscow, Russian Federation
The analysis of climate change in the Russian Federation has been carried out. It has been shown that the major climate change is occurring in the Arctic zone — increased emissions of carbon dioxide and methane, deep permafrost thawing. Due to the change of climatic conditions, improvement of the ecological situation and wide use of biological cleaning systems for a treatment of industrial and household effluents a change of biological systems is taking place. Natural selection of microorganisms capable to use as a nutritious substratum such previously inert materials as polyethylene and polypropylene is intensified. The change of climatic conditions in which complex technical systems are operated, and the impact of biological and ecological factors on these systems dictate the need for revision of approaches to creation, design and operation of appropriate technical means. Actions for standardization of procedure for products climatic qualification taking into account the influence of newly forming climatic, ecological and biological conditions will allow considerably reduce economic losses from corrosion, aging and biodeterioration of complex technical systems. The work has been carried out in the frame of implementation of complex research area 18 “Climatic Tests for Safety Provision and Protection from Corrosion, Aging and Biodeterioration of Materials, Constructions and Complex Technical System in Natural Environments” (“Strategic Areas for Development of Materials and Their Treatment Technologies for the Period until 2030”).
climate, corrosion, aging, biodeterioration, complex technical systems, operation safety, environmental testing.
1. Введение
Наиболее важный этап при создании техники — установление ее климатического исполнения, что определяет, в каком климате и при каком воздействии внешних факторов может работать соответствующие материал или изделие в течение назначенного периода эксплуатации [1–3].
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