This review is devoted to modern non-invasive studies of cellular respiration. Characteristic fluorescence biological tissue under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, which can reflect the process of biological oxidation, is presented. The erythron importance to ensure a functional condition of an organism and part of blood cells in the respiratory chain, gas transportation and information functions is considered. The authors described the biomarkers of cell respiration and showed the complexity of modern methods of research of biological oxidation and the necessity of using low-cost techniques based on microscopic analysis. The method of laser biospectrophotometry is characterized. The evaluation method of tissue auto-fluorescence, its biological basis, the possibility of dual-channel spectrophotometer facilities – domestic and foreign, is developed and presented in this review. The importance of fiber-optic television spectrophotometry in the noninvasive determination of cellular respiration in living organisms is proved. The authors gave a footnote to works, confirming the practical diagnostic significance of the definition of auto-fluorescence.
biomarker of cellular respiration, biological oxidation, cellular respiration, biospectrophotometry, tissue auto-fluorescence, spectrophotometry
В работах, посвященных естественной флуоресценции тканей под воздействием ультрафиолетового (УФ) или смешанного (УФ + видимый свет) излучения феномен свечения биообъектов уже более 50 лет увязывается с клеточным дыханием (КД) или биологическим окислением, сопряженным с фосфорилированием [14, 45, 46]. Этот процесс осуществляется активным потоком электронов и протонов, перемещающимися по ферментному конвейеру – дыхательной цепи (ДЦ). Перемещение этих частиц обусловлено активацией большого числа белковых и ферментных молекул, включая молекулы пиридиннуклеотидов (ПН) -NAD+, NADН2, флавопротеидов (ФП) - FAD, FMNН2, коэнзима Q (CoQ+,CoQH2), групп цитохромов (b, c, a), железосодержащего FeS-белка и некоторых других веществ. Установлен принцип функционирования ДЦ: он состоит в получении энергии из питательных веществ в процессе их распада до несгораемых продуктов – СО2 и Н20. Функциональное состояние клеток может быть оценено по их аутофлуоресценции в УФ-лучах [4, 45, 60], поскольку интенсивность свечения на длинах волн 455-470 нм и
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