Irkutsk, Russian Federation
Irkutsk, Russian Federation
Irkutsk, Russian Federation
Irkutsk, Russian Federation
Irkutsk, Russian Federation
Irkutsk, Russian Federation
Irkutsk, Russian Federation
We study the spatiotemporal dynamics of mid-latitude aurora from observations in the south of Eastern Siberia during St. Patrick’s severe geomagnetic storm on March 17, 2015. We perform a morphological analysis of characteristics of the observed auroras. A preliminary conclusion is drawn that the analyzed event is the result of the manifestation of mid-latitude auroras of two types (type “d” and SAR arc) and ordinary aurora observed at the northern horizon. The maximum intensity of the dominant emission [OI] at 630.0 nm (~14 kR) allows this mid-latitude aurora to be attributed to the extreme auroras occurring in mid-latitudes, which is second only to the November 20, 2003 superstorm (~19 kR).
geomagnetic storm, mid-latitude aurora, spectrum of mid-latitude aurora, 557.7 and 630.0 nm emissions
ВВЕДЕНИЕ
Среднеширотные сияния (CC) являются относи-тельно редким геофизическим явлением. По данным работы [Краковецкий и др., 1989], вероятность наблюдения СС в Северном полушарии составляет на географических широтах 55°–60° N пять случаев в год 50°–55° N — 1; 40°–50° N — 0.1. Основной доминирующей эмиссией СС является запрещенная линия атомарного кислорода [OI] 630.0 нм, интенсивность которой определяется степенью развитости кольцевого тока (Dst-индексом) во время магнитной бури (МБ) [Трутце, 1973; Rassoul et al., 1992; Михалев и др., 2004]. Минимальное значение Dst-индекса (Dstmin) для МБ 17 марта 2015 г. составило –222 нТл [http://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dst_realtime], что, согласно [Gonzalez et al., 1999], позволяет отнести эту бурю к экстремальным МБ. Последний раз МБ с Dstmin<–220 нТл наблюдалась 15 мая 2005 г. в предыдущем, 23-м солнечном цикле. Таким образом, МБ 17 марта 2015 г. является одной из самых больших (по Dst-индексу) магнитных бурь текущего 24-го солнечного цикла.
В настоящей работе представлены результаты наблюдений СС на юге Восточной Сибири комплексом оптических инструментов во время геомагнитной бури Святого Патрика 17 марта 2015 г. Выпол-нен предварительный морфологический анализ характеристик наблюдаемого СС, без детального, за некоторыми исключениями, сопоставления с ионосферными, магнитосферными, спутниковыми данными и моделями. Подобное сопоставление, несомненно представляющее большой интерес, может являться предметом дальнейших исследований.
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