THE USAGE OF HIPPOPHAE RHAMNOIDES L. FOR THE PURPOSES OF FORESTRY RECLAMATION OF POST-MINING AREAS
Abstract and keywords
Abstract (English):
Tehnogennye landshafty imeyutsya vo vseh regionah nashey strany, gde proizvoditsya dobycha poleznyh iskopaemyh. Oni otricatel'no vozdeystvuyut na okruzhayuschuyu sredu. Vosstanovlenie zemel' osuschestvlyaetsya s pomosch'yu rekul'tivacii. Naibolee deshevym i dostupnym napravleniem yavlyaetsya lesnaya. Bol'shinstvo vskryshnyh porod harakterizuyutsya neblagopriyatnymi agrohimicheskimi i vodno-fizicheskimi svoystvami. Dlya povysheniya ih plodorodiya celesoobrazno ispol'zovat' pochvouluchshayuschie drevesnye i kustarnikovye porody. Oblepiha krushinovaya chasto primenyaetsya pri oblesenii otvalov v tehnogennyh landshaftah. Issleduemoe nasazhdenie oblepihi bylo sozdano na otvale ryhloy vskryshi Kurskoy magnitnoy anomalii. Otval slozhen peschano-melovoy smes'yu. Pokazateli sohrannosti i rosta oblepihi v raznyh chastyah otvala neodinakovy. Maksimal'naya sohrannost' v vozraste 38 let, ravnaya 51.3 %, otmechaetsya u oblepihi v tranzitno-akkumulyativnoy chasti sklona, gde skladyvayutsya bolee blagopriyatnye pochvenno-gidrologicheskie usloviya. Biometricheskie pokazateli oblepihi v nizhney chasti otvala nizhe v svyazi s bol'shoy zaguschennost'yu. V pervye 10 let oblepihe prisuscha bolee vysokaya energiya rosta. Estestvennoe vozobnovlenie oblepihi vyshe v elyuvial'no-tranzitnoy i tranzitno-akkumulyativnoy chastyah otkosa. Ono ocenivaetsya kak horoshee. Oblepiha yavlyaetsya pochvouluchshayuschey porodoy, ona vliyaet na izmenenie agrohimicheskih svoystv substratov i transformaciyu ih v slaborazvitye pochvy – «embriozemy». Za 38 let v substrate pod oblepihoy proizoshli soderzhanie gumusa uvelichilos' v 2.8 raza, azota – v 70 raz, fosfora – v 1.9 i kaliya – v 1.7 raza. Stepen' vozdeystviya oblepihi na substraty v tehnogennyh landshaftah ocenivaetsya kak vysokaya. Eto harakterno dlya bystrorastuschih vidov s vysokoy korneotpryskovoy sposobnost'yu i porod-azotonakopiteley. Oblepiha yavlyaetsya perspektivnoy porodoy dlya lesnoy rekul'tivacii narushennyh gornopromyshlennoy deyatel'nost'yu territoriy.

Keywords:
tehnogennyy landshaft, otval, peschano-melovaya smes', lesnaya rekul'tivaciya, oblepiha krushinovaya.
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