Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Moskva, Moscow, Russian Federation
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (Associate Professor)
Moskva, Moscow, Russian Federation
The article focuses on the substantive features of the economic tasks of the unified state examination in mathematics and the methodological features of preparing schoolchildren to solve them. The necessity and methodological expediency of these tasks in the structure of the profile exam in mathematics is justified. Special attention is paid to the formalization process - the first and mandatory stage of solving mathematical problems of economic content, as well as solving problems in various ways with the possibility of the student choosing a rational method of solving. Typical errors of students when working with economic tasks of the unified state examination in mathematics arising at different stages of educational and cognitive activity are highlighted. Recommendations for mathematics teachers are presented, the observance of which helps to overcome these mistakes and difficulties of students. Disaggregated and methodically characterized methods of solving one of the economic problems of the unified state examination in mathematics can be extended to tasks of different types and various socio-economic content. An important place in the system of presented methods is the vector-coordinate method and the method of using the properties of functions - traditionally not sufficiently applied in the school course of mathematics, but fully accessible to high school pupils. The selected methodological features of preparation for solving economic problems can be useful for improving the system of preparation of schoolchildren for passing the unified state examination in mathematics, as well as for updating the content of vocational guidance work with high school pupils.
mathematical training, mathematical economics, unified state examination, teaching content, typical error, formalization, modeling
1. By`kanova O.A. Razvitie lichnostny`kh i soczial`no-orientirovanny`kh kachestv u starsheklassnikov na osnove letnej profil`noj praktiki v e`konomicheskom VUZe / V sbornike: Funkczional`no-differenczial`ny`e uravneniya i ikh osnovny`e aspekty` Sbornik materialov II Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferenczii. Pod obshhej redakcziej A.D. Nazarova, G.S. Atagishievoj. - 2017. - S. 48-51.
2. By`kanova O.A., Filippova N.V. Letnyaya obrazovatel`naya programma dlya motivirovanny`kh abiturientov: shag v budushhee // Azimut nauchny`kh issledovanij: pedagogika i psikhologiya. - 2017. - T. 6. - # 3 (20). - S. 48-50.
3. Vlasov D. A. E`lementy` matematicheskikh metodov v e`konomike v kontekste professional`noj orientaczii shkol`nikov // Professional`naya orientacziya. - 2018. - # 1. - S. 5.
4. D`yakova E.A., Gurina T.A. Sovremenny`e podkhody` k obucheniyu fizike i matematike v shkole. - Armavir, Armavirskij gosudarstvenny`j pedagogicheskij universitet (Armavir). - 2019. - 214 c.
5. Kalinina E.S. Matematicheskoe modelirovanie organizaczii obrazovatel`nogo proczessa // Psikhologo-pedagogicheskie problemy` bezopasnosti cheloveka i obshhestva. - 2010. - # 3 (8). - S. 5-13.
6. Kononenko N.V., Tokareva Yu.S., Chukhrij P.A. Realizacziya vnutripredmetny`kh svyazej v ramkakh soderzhatel`no-metodicheskikh linij shkol`nogo kursa matematiki // Samarskij nauchny`j vestnik. - 2019. - T. 8. - # 3 (28). - S. 290-295.
7. Korol` A.D., Brovka N.V. Ob aktual`nosti issledovanij po teorii obucheniya matematike i informatike // Pedagogicheskaya informatika. - 2018. - # 1. - S. 119-129.
8. Likhachev G. G., Sukhorukova I. V. Komp`yuternoe modelirovanie i matematicheskoe obespechenie e`konomiko-soczial`ny`kh zadach // E`konomicheskij analiz: teoriya i praktika. - 2003. - # 5 (8). - S. 60-62.
9. Mastyaeva I. N., Goremy`kina G. I. Metody` optimal`ny`kh reshenij. - M.: Obshhestvo s ogranichennoj otvetstvennost`yu Izdatel`stvo "KURS", 2016. - 384 s.
10. Monakhov V. M., Krasner N. Ya. Metody` optimizaczii. Primenenie mat. metodov v e`konomike: posobie dlya uchitelya - M.: Prosveshhenie, 1978. - 175 s.
11. Mukhanov S.A., Mukhanova A.A. Ispol`zovanie servisa WolframAlpha v e`konomiko- statisticheskikh raschetakh // Sistemny`e tekhnologii. - 2019. - # 1 (30). - S. 152-157.
12. Polezhaev V.D., Polezhaeva L.N. Sposoby` i priemy` aktivizaczii poznavatel`noj deyatel`nosti pri obuchenii matematike // Aktual`ny`e problemy` prepodavaniya matematiki v tekhnicheskom VUZe. - 2018. - # 6. - S. 218-224.
13. Polezhaev V.D., Polezhaeva M.V. Portfolio studenta kak instrument sozdaniya individual`noj traektorii obucheniya // Sovremenny`e naukoemkie tekhnologii. - 2008. - # 3. - S. 45.
14. Sinchukov A. V. Rol` e`lementov finansovogo modelirovaniya v professional`noj orientaczii shkol`nikov // Professional`naya orientacziya. - 2018. - # 1. - S. 13.
15. Smirnov E.I. Fundirovanie opy`ta v professional`noj podgotovke i innovaczionnoj deyatel`nosti pedagoga. - Yaroslavl`, Izdatel`stvo "Kanczler" 2012. - 655 c.
16. Testov V.A. Osnovny`e zadachi razvitiya matematicheskogo obrazovaniya // Obrazovanie i nauka. - 2014. - # 4 (113). - S. 3-17.
17. Tikhomirov N.P. Nauchnaya shkola "Povy`shenie kachestva razrabotki i ispol`zovaniya matematicheskogo instrumentariya v reshenii problem analiza prognozirovaniya i upravleniya soczial`no-e`konomicheskimi proczessami" // Vestnik Rossijskoj e`konomicheskoj akademii im. G.V. Plekhanova. - 2007. - # 1. - S. 47-53.
18. Tokareva Yu.S., Koryakin M.A. Praktiko-orientirovanny`e zadachi kak sposob formirovaniya navy`kov teoretiko-igrovogo modelirovaniya / V sbornike: Sovremenny`e tekhnologii, e`konomika i obrazovanie Sbornik materialov Vserossijskoj nauchno-metodicheskoj konferenczii. - 2019. - S. 138-139.
19. Fomin G. P., Karasev P. A. Matematika v e`konomike: 813 zadach s kommentariyami i otvetami. Uchebnoe posobie - M.: Obshhestvo s ogranichennoj otvetstvennost`yu "Izdatel`stvo "KnoRus", 2019. - 368 c.
20. Shestakov S. A. EGE` 2020. Matematika. Zadachi s e`konomicheskim soderzhaniem. Zadacha 17. Profil`ny`j uroven`. FGOS. - M.: Moskovskij czentr neprery`vnogo matematicheskogo obrazovaniya (MCzNMO), 2020. - 208 s.
