The article presents current views on the problem of preterm birth, various mechanisms of development and approaches to early diagnosis and prevention. Ultrasound plays a leading role in the examination of pregnant women, because of its relative simplicity, invasiveness, safety for mother and fetus. Ultrasound assessment of the cervix should be considered highly informative and prognostically valuable in the diagnosis of threatened abortion. Transvaginal measurement of cervical length is carried out for the prediction of parturition in pregnant women, who are not related to the risk of a premature birth. Ultrasound assessment of the cervix, as a screening technique is used in the Tula region for early diagnosis, accurate forecasting and perinatal outcomes, due to the large number of etiological factors and the lack of a specific method of timely diagnosis. Various risk factors are taken into account in nulliparous women who are associated with idiopathic preterm birth, prenatal rupture of membranes and termination of pregnancy for medical reasons. Preterm birth is a major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality of newborns in nulliparous, despite the improvement in perinatal outcome in recent years.
risk factors, causes, incidence of preterm birth in nulliparous, ultrasound assessment, transvaginal measurement of cervical length, screening.
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