Petrozavodsk, Petrozavodsk, Russian Federation
Petrozavodsk, Petrozavodsk, Russian Federation
Petrozavodsk, Petrozavodsk, Russian Federation
UDK 630 Лесное хозяйство. Лесоводство
The article discusses the issues of restoration of forest areas damaged by fires. Forest fires cause not only environmental, but also material damage. If it is almost impossible to compensate for the environmental damage caused by the ingress of combustion products into the atmosphere, then restoring forest resources is a feasible task. Currently, the same technologies are used for reforestation in fire-damaged forest and burnt areas as for reforestation in forest sites after deforestation. However, their efficiency, taking into account natural and industrial conditions, is often not at the highest level. The aggravation of the problem of forest fires necessitates the use of highly effective domestic methods and technical means for reforestation after fires. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of technical development of domestic modern methods and technical means of restoring forest areas damaged by fires. In the course of the patent information search and analysis of scientific and technical literature, modern methods and technical means for restoring forest plantations in areas damaged by fires were studied, and the collected information was analyzed. The effectiveness of the use of a mulch working body for the preliminary preparation of a forest area disturbed by fires is noted.
burnt area, fire-damaged forest, wood, forest soil, forest fire, reforestation, mulcher working body, wood chips
1. Salimova G., Ableeva A., Lubova T., Sharafutdinov A., Araslanbaev I. Multidimensional modeling of the economy of forest management and reforestation. Ecological Modelling. 2022; Vol. 472. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2022.110098.
2. Donato D.C., Halofsky J.S., Churchill D.J., Haugo R.D., C. Cansler A., Smith A., Harvey B.J. Does large area burned mean a bad fire year? Comparing contemporary wildfire years to historical fire regimes informs the restoration task in fire-dependent forests. Forest Ecology and Management. 2023; Volume 546. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2023.121372. Rezhim dostupa: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112723006060.
3. Manukovskiy A.Yu., Makarova Yu.A. Issledovanie vosstanovleniya lesnyh ploschadey, postradavshih iz-za pozharov. Aktual'nye napravleniya nauchnyh issledovaniy XXI veka: teoriya i praktika. 2018; T. 6; 3 (39): 87-91. Rezhim dostupa: https://elibrary.ru/ypclkx.
4. Shvidenko A.Z., Schepaschenko D.G. Klimaticheskie izmeneniya i lesnye pozhary v Rossii. Lesovedenie. 2013; 5: 50-61. Rezhim dostupa: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=20370655.
5. Chuchalina A.A., Sannikova N.S. Vliyanie nizovyh pozharov na vozobnovlenie hvoynyh vidov v sosnyake brusnichno-chernichno-zelenomoshnom. Izvestiya Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. 2013; 3 (41): 13-16. Rezhim dostupa: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=19425397.
6. Sokolova G.G. Vliyanie sel'skohozyaystvennyh palov na travyanoy pokrov berezovyh lesov Altayskogo kraya. Izvestiya Altayskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2014; 3-1 (83): 84-88. Rezhim dostupa: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=21741785.
7. Kazanceva M.N., Muhamadieva R.R. Nachal'nyy etap vosstanovleniya rastitel'nogo pokrova na garyah sosnyakov lishaynikovyh v yuzhnoy chasti Tyumenskoy oblasti. Aktual'nye problemy lesnogo kompleksa. 2023; 64: 196-200. Rezhim dostupa: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=54795587.
8. Buryak L.V., Kalenskaya O.P. Vliyanie pozharov na formirovanie nasazhdeniy Nizhnego Priangar'ya. Monografiya. 2020; 140 s. Rezhim dostupa: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=13500452.
9. Sirolli H., Torrella S.A. The role of secondary forest in the survival and growth of native species: Tree planting field experiment in the delta of the Paraná River (Argentina). Forest Ecology and Management. 2023; Volume 546. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2023.121329. Rezhim dostupa: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112723005637.
10. Utyuk V.O., Ivanisova N.V. Estestvennoe vozobnovlenie drevostoya posle nizovyh pozharov v Rostovskoy oblasti. Timiryazevskiy biologicheskiy zhurnal. 2023; 1: 68-72. Rezhim dostupa: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=54758296.
11. Gryaz'kin A.V., Gavrilova O.I., Chen T., Semenova E.I. Strukturnye osobennosti lesnyh fitocenozov formiruyuschihsya na skal'nikah posle pozhara. Lesnoy vestnik. Forestry Bulletin. 2023; 27; 3: 18-25. Rezhim dostupa: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=53944397.
12. Rogozin M.V., Golikov A.M. Geneticheskiy aspekt vosstanovleniya lesa na garyah. V sbornike: Problemy ustoychivogo upravleniya lesami Sibiri i Dal'nego Vostoka. Materialy Vserossiyskoy konferencii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem, posvyaschennoy 75-letiyu obrazovaniya Dal'nevostochnogo nauchno-issledovatel'skogo instituta lesnogo hozyaystva. 2014; 335-339. Rezhim dostupa: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=53812083.
13. Churchill D.J., Jeronimo S.M.A., Hessburg P.F., Cansler C.A., Povak N.A., Kane V.R., Lutz J.A., Larson A.J. Post-fire landscape evaluations in Eastern Washington, USA: Assessing the work of contemporary wildfires. Forest Ecology and Management. 2022; Volume 504. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119796. Rezhim dostupa: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378112721008872.
14. Šebesta J, Rogers P.C., Maděra P., Koutecký T., Dufour S., Řepka R. Long-term effects of mechanical site preparation on understorey plant communities in lowland floodplain forests. Forest Ecology and Management. 2021; Vol. 480: DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118651.
15. Petrov A.S., Vin'kovskaya O.P. Sostoyanie lesovosstanovleniya v Kachugskom lesnichestve Irkutskoy oblasti. Vestnik IrGSHA. 2023; 116: 110-123. Rezhim dostupa: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=53979667.
16. Castro J., Leverkus A.B. Effect of Herbaceous Layer Interference on the Post-Fire Regeneration of a Serotinous Pine (Pinus pinaster Aiton) across Two Seedling Ages. Forests. 2019; Vol. 10. Issue 1: 74. DOI: http://doi.org/10.3390/f10010074.
17. Fisher R.F., Fox T.R., Harrison R.B., Terry T. Forest soils education and research: Trends, needs, and wild ideas. Forest Ecology and Management. 2005; Vol. 220 (1-3): 1-16. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2005.08.001.
18. Atutova Zh.V. Post-fire restoration of pine forests in the Badary area, Tunkinskiy national park, Russia. Nature Conservation Research. 2023; 8; 2: 22-32. DOI:https://doi.org/10.24189/ncr.2023.010.
19. González-Díaz P., Jump A.S., Perry A., Wachowiak W., Cavers S., Lapshina E. Ecology and management history drive spatial genetic structure in Scots pine. Forest Ecology and Management. 2017; Vol. 400: 68-76. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2017.05.035.
20. North M.P., Latimer A.M., Welch K.R., Young D.J.N., Buckley T.N., Vice H., Stevens J.T., York R.A., Axelson J.N., Shive K.L., Tubbesing C.L., Werner C.M., Wyrsch P., Greene D.F., Coppoletta M., Knapp E.E., Restaino C.M., Tompkins R.E., Estes B.L., Hager R.N. et al. Tamm Review: Reforestation for resilience in dry western U.S. forests. Forest Ecology and Management. 2019; Vol. 432: 209-224. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.09.007.
21. Prokushkin S.G., Zyryanova O.A. O vliyanii derev'ev listvennicy Gmelina na poslepozharnoe vosstanovlenie lesnogo fitocenoza v kriolitozone Sredney Sibiri. Sibirskiy ekologicheskiy zhurnal. 2013; 20; 5: 645-652. Rezhim dostupa: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=20210731.
22. Shvarc E.A., Starikov I.V., Harlamov V.S., Yaroshenko A.Yu., Shmatkov N.M., Kobyakov A.V., Ptichnikov A.V., Lukovcev F.Yu., Tyuleneva O.V., Golunov R.Yu., Schegolev A.A. Novyy vzglyad na razvitie lesnogo kompleksa: Ch. 3. Fundamental'nye osnovy novogo lesa. Ispol'zovanie i ohrana prirodnyh resursov v Rossii. 2021; 1 (165): 30-39. Rezhim dostupa: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=45670893.
23. Juan-Ovejero R., Molinas-González C.R., Leverkus A.B., Martín Peinado F. J., Castro J. Decadal effect of post-fire management treatments on soil carbon and nutrient concentrations in a burnt Mediterranean forest. Forest Ecology and Management. 2021; Vol. 498. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119570.
24. Gómez-Sánchez M.E., Navidi M., Ortega R. (et al.) Medium-term associations of soil properties and plant diversity in a semi-arid pine forest after post-wildfire management. Forest Ecology and Management. 2023; Vol-ume 545. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2023.121163. Rezhim dostupa: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112723003973.
25. Boyko T.A., Napalkova Yu.A. Vliyanie pozharov na estestvennoe vozobnovlenie na territorii Kras-nokamskogo uchastkovogo lesnichestva Zakamskogo lesnichestva. V sbornike: Materialy I nacion. konf. po itogam nauchnoy i proizvodstvennoy raboty prepodavateley i studentov v oblasti landshaftnoy arhitektury i lesnogo dela. FGBOU VO «Saratovskiy gosudarstvennyy agrarnyy universitet imeni N.I. Vavilova». 2019; 37-42. Rezhim dostupa: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=38073788.
26. Ostroshenko V.Yu. Prolongirovannoe vliyanie stimulyatorov rosta na vyraschivanie posadochnogo materiala eli koreyskoy Picea koraiensis Nakai. Vestnik Rossiyskogo universiteta druzhby narodov. Seriya: Agronomiya i zhivotnovodstvo. 2023; 18; 3: 309-319. Rezhim dostupa: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=54661938.
27. Stevens J.T., Haffey C.M., Coop J.D. (et al.) Tamm Review: Postfire landscape management in frequent-fire conifer forests of the southwestern United States. Forest Ecology and Management. 2021; Vol. 502. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119678.
28. Matallana R.G., Lucas-Borja M.E., Gómez-Sánchez M.E., Uddin S.M.M., Zema D.A. Post-fire restoration effectiveness using two soil preparation techniques and different shrubs species in pine forests of South-Eastern Spain. Ecological Engineering. 2022; Vol. 178: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2022.106579.
29. Bohlman G.N., North M., Safford H.D. Shrub removal in reforested post-fire areas increases native plant species richness. Forest Ecology and Management. 2016; Vol. 374: 195-210. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.05.008.
30. Lind B.M., North M.P., Maloney P.E., Eckert A.J. Effect of fire and thinning on fine-scale genetic structure and gene flow in fire-suppressed populations of sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana Dougl.). Forest Ecology and Management. 2019; Vol. 447: 115-129. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2019.04.033.
31. Steckel M., Heym M., Wolff B., Reventlow D.O.J., Pretzsch H. Transgressive overyielding in mixed compared with monospecific Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and oak (Quercus robur L., Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) stands – Productivity gains increase with annual water supply. Forest Ecology and Management. 2019; Vo. 439: 81-96. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2019.02.038.
32. Prokazin N.E., Rodin S.A., Kazakov V.I., Lobanova E.N., Kazakov I.V. Sovershenstvovanie tehnologiy vyraschivaniya posadochnogo materiala i lesovosstanovleniya na gorel'nikah. Lesohozyaystvennaya informaciya. 2019; 3: 38-47. Rezhim dostupa: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=39263392.
33. Rekomendacii po planirovaniyu i proektirovaniyu fonda lesovosstanovleniya na ploschadyah, proydennyh lesnymi pozharami i vetrovalami. Pushkino: VNIILM. 2019; 36. Rezhim dostupa: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=43825305.
34. Levin G.D. Klassicheskaya teoriya analiza i sinteza. Filosofiya nauki i tehniki. 2020: T. 25; 2: 103-115. Rezhim dostupa: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=44526604.
35. Goncharov P. E., Popikov P. I., Ponomarev S. V., Shabanov M. L., Menyaylov K. A. Sovershenstvovanie tehnologicheskogo kompleksa tehnicheskih sredstv dlya lesovosstanovleniya na gorel'nikah v Central'no-Chernozemnom regione // Lesotehnicheskiy zhurnal. 2013. №1 (9). C. 116-126. Rezhim dostupa: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=20164097.
36. Chukarina A. V. Tehnologii lesovosstanovleniya sosnyakov v usloviyah stepnogo Pridon'ya (na primere Rostovskoy oblasti) // Aktual'nye problemy lesnogo kompleksa. 2013. №35. C. 100-103. Rezhim dostupa: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=22574341.
37. Castro J. Postfire Burnt-Wood Management Affects Plant Damage by Ungulate Herbivores. International Journal of Forestry Research. 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/965461.
38. Leverkus A., Lorite J., Navarro F., Sánchez-Cañete E., Castro J. Post-fire salvage logging alters species composition and reduces cover, richness, and diversity in Mediterranean plant communities. Journal of environmental management. 2014. Vol. 133. Pp. 323-331. DOI: doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.12.014.
39. Prokazin N. E., Bartenev I. M., Kazakov V. I., Lobanova E. N. Osobennosti razrabotki i lesovosstanovleniya gorel'nikov v lesostepnoy zone // Lesotehnicheskiy zhurnal. 2015. №1 (17). C. 85-97. Rezhim dostupa: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=23576045.
40. Tyrchenkova I. V. Osobennosti lesovosstanovleniya na vyrubkah i garyah v Somovskom lesnichestve Voronezhskoy oblasti // Lesotehnicheskiy zhurnal. 2017. №3 (27). C. 157-166. Rezhim dostupa: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=30468610.
41. Koba V.P. Osobennosti vosstanovleniya drevostoev sosny krymskoy v postpirogennyy period // Ekosistemy. 2017. №11 (41). C. 10-13. Rezhim dostupa: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=30784158.
42. Prokazin N. E., Bartenev I. M., Kazakov V. I., Lobanova E. N. Osobennosti rosta seyancev sosny pri lesovosstanovlenii gorel'nikov v lesostepnoy zone // Lesotehnicheskiy zhurnal. 2017. №2 (26). C. 91-96. Rezhim dostupa: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=29825788.
43. Wittenberg L., Keesstra S., Tessler N. Post-fire management treatment effects on soil properties and burned area restoration in a wildland-urban interface, Haifa Fire case study. Science of The Total Environment. 2019. Vol. 716. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135190.
44. Mauri E., Pons P. Handbook of good practices in post-wildfire management. Universitat de Girona. 2019. 171 p. ISBN: 978-84-8458-564-0.
45. Gyninova A. B., Ubugunov L. L., Kulikov A. A., Gyninova B. D., Gonchikov B. N., Badmaev N. B., Sympilova D. P. Poslepozharnaya evolyuciya lesnyh ekosistem na peschanyh terrasah Yugo-Vostochnogo Pribaykal'ya // Sibirskiy ekologicheskiy zhurnal. 2020. T. 27. № 1. S. 13-25. Rezhim dostupa: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=42347250.
46. Fernández C., Fontúrbel T., Vega J.A. Cumulative effects of salvage logging and slash removal on erosion, soil functioning indicators and vegetation in a severely burned area in NW Spain. Geoderma. 2021; Vol. 393. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2021.115004.
47. Andrus R., Droske C., Franz M., Hudak AT., Leigh L., Lewis S., Morgan P., Robichaud P., Meddens A. Spatial and temporal drivers of post-fire tree establishment and height growth in a managed forest landscape. Fire Ecology. 2022. DOI: 18.https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-022-00153-4.
48. Marcos E., Huerta S., Fernández-García V., Prieto I., Pinto P. P., Ansola G., Sáenz de Miera L., Calvo L. Mulching treatments favour the recovery of ecosystem multifunctionality after a large wildfire in Northwest Spain. 2022. Pp. 1234-1239. DOI:https://doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_187.
49. Prior L., Nichols S., Williamson G., Bowman D. Post-fire restoration of Sphagnum bogs in the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area, Australia. Restoration Ecology. 2022. Vol. 31. DOI: 31.https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.13797.
50. Shirnin Yu. A., Shirnin A. Yu., Denisov S. A., Voldaev M. N., Sharnin I. V. Razrabotka povrezhdennyh nizovym pozharom gorel'nikov sistemoy mashin "harvester + forvarder" // Vestnik Povolzhskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnologicheskogo universiteta. Seriya: Les. Ekologiya. Prirodopol'zovanie. 2022. №2 (54). C. 55-63. Rezhim dostupa: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=49208675.
51. Lingua E., Marques G., Marchi N., Garbarino M., Marangon D., Taccaliti F., Marzano R. Post-Fire Restoration and Deadwood Management: Microsite Dynamics and Their Impact on Natural Regeneration. Forests. 2023. Vol. 14. DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/f14091820.
52. Odnoralov G.A., Tihonova E.N., Golyadkina I.V., Malinina T.A. Ocenka biologicheskoy produktivnosti lesnoy sredy v usloviyah urbanizacii (na primere Voronezhskoy nagornoy dubravy). Izvestiya vysshih uchebnyh zavedeniy. Lesnoy zhurnal. 2020; 2 (374): 60-72. Rezhim dostupa: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=42654444.
53. Rodin S.A., Prokazin N.E., Kazakov V.I., Lobanova E.N., Pentel'kina N.V., Rumyanceva S.A., Cheplyanskiy I.Ya. Rekomendacii po planirovaniyu i proektirovaniyu fonda lesovosstanovleniya na ploschadyah, proydennyh lesnymi pozharami i vetrovalami. 2019: 36. Rezhim dostupa: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=43825305.
54. Malyukov S.V., Panyavina E.A., Aksenov A.A. Analiz konstrukciy mul'cherov i rotovatorov. Lesotehnicheskiy zhurnal. 2019; 1 (33): 159-167. Rezhim dostupa: https://elibrary.ru/zfeegt.
55. Ivashnev M.V. Nauchnye osnovy sovershenstvovaniya mashin dlya udaleniya drevesno-kustarnikovoy rastitel'nosti pri nepreryvnom dvizhenii bazovogo traktora : dis. ... d-ra tehn. nauk : 05.21.01. 2020; 316. Rezhim dostupa: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=54471861.
56. Löf M., Dey D.C., Navarro R.M., Jacobs D.F. Mechanical site preparation for forest restoration. New For-ests. 2012; Vol. 43 (5-6): 825-848. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-012-9332-x.
57. Curran M.P., Murray M.P. Soil disturbance, amelioration and rehabilitation affect forest growth, health, soil carbon and chemistry on five long-term soil productivity (LTSP) sites in southeastern British Columbia. Forest Ecology and Management. 2023; Vol. 546. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2023.121362. Rezhim dostupa: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112723005960.
58. Tarasov P.A., Baksheeva E.O., Ivanov V.A. Issledovaniya vliyaniya mul'chirovaniya sploshnoy vyrubki na temperaturu pochvy. Vestnik KrasGAU. 2015; 8: 75-80. Rezhim dostupa: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=24120779.
59. Behovyh Yu.V. Vliyanie mul'chirovaniya na izmenenie gidrotermicheskih usloviy v pahotnom sloe chernozema vyschelochennogo. Vestnik Altayskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. 2020; 2 (184): 12-19. Rezhim dostupa: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=42600764.