Russian Federation
Urban forest parks fulfill several pivotal protective and recreational functions. Nevertheless, the intense anthropogenic impact of the urban environment can result in the degradation of forest park biogeocenoses and reduce their capacity to establish a favorable ecological situation within the territory they occupy. This study aims to determine the key fac-tors influencing the environmental state of the soil and vegetation in the Yu.A. Gagarin forest park, thereby facilitating the development of recommendations for their conservation. The study represents an inaugural agrochemical analysis of forest park soils within the urban environment of the south of Tyumen Region, complemented by the assessment of the content of mobile forms of some microelements. The content of mobile forms of a number of microelements (Pb, Cd, Cu, Ni) was also determined by atomic emission spectrophotometry. The study of vegetation cover was carried out using the sample plot method. The study revealed that the forest park soils exhibit a pH level that exceeds the back-ground values by 1.6 to 1.8 times, with a range of 5.5 to 7.2. Additionally, a notable finding was the high content of organic matter, which was observed to be 1.5 to 4.6 times higher compared to the levels found in natural analogs. The content of mobile forms of all studied microelements in the soils of the forest park exceeded the background values. Still, it was below the MAC, which is due to the absence of large sources of atmospheric emissions of the studied metals in Tyumen. The vital state of the studied trees can mainly be characterized as "healthy" or "weakened". The findings indicate that the recreational load has the most noticeable effect on the living soil cover and natural reforestation. In one of the areas of the park under study, a transformation of the storeyed structure of the phytocenosis was observed, resulting from the spread of the invasive Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. The results of the study can be used to formulate recommendations for reducing the recreational load, thereby preserving the natural structure of phytocenoses and the ecological integrity of the park.
forest park, soils of city parks, humus, microelements, category sanitary state, urban environment, anthropogenic load, recreation
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