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Food Processing: Techniques and Technology
Journals / Food Processing: Techniques and Technology / Volume 55 Issue 3 / Microalgae Scenedesmus as a Source of Pigments and Other Biologically Active Metabolites: Application Prospects and Problems
UDC 63

MICROALGAE SCENEDESMUS AS A SOURCE OF PIGMENTS AND OTHER BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE METABOLITES: APPLICATION PROSPECTS AND PROBLEMS Microalgae Scenedesmus as a Source of Pigments and Other Biologically Active Metabolites: Application Prospects and Problems

Published in Food Processing: Techniques and Technology · Volume 55, Issue 3 · Pages 468–484 · Rubric: ORIGINAL ARTICLE
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2025-3-2585
Received: 31.03.2025 Accepted: 01.07.2025 Published: 08.10.2025 Language of publication: RUS
Authors
AL
Alena Chizhova
ORCID
OL Olga Babich
Olga Babich
ORCID SPIN
EG
Egor Kashirskich
ORCID SPIN
EK
Ekaterina Budenkova
ORCID
et al.
LY
Lyubov Dyshlyuk
ORCID
ABSTRACT
Food dyes are widely used in the food industry to improve the sensory properties and consumer attractiveness of finished products. However, synthetic dyes are associated with potential health risks. Microalgae are known to produce natural pigments that provide intense coloring and possess various biological metabolites, e.g., chlorophylls and carotenoids. This article reviews available data on the pigment composition of Scenedesmus microalgae, including cultivation strategies, efficient pigment biosynthesis, prospects for the functional food and nutraceutical industries, and commercial limitations. The review covered scientific publications on Scenedesmus colorants, their bioactive properties, and / or practical application registered in ScienceDirect (Scopus), Springer Link, MDPI, and Google Scholar in 2015–2025. Scenedesmus microalgae accumulate significant amounts of chlorophylls (≤ 30.8 mg/g) and carotenoids (≤ 98.0 mg/g). The carotenoid profile of Scenedesmus consists of a variety of compounds, with such commercially important substances as lutein (≤ 10.7 mg/g), β-carotene (≤ 19.0 mg/g), and astaxanthin (≤ 23.8 mg/g). Scenedesmus carotenoid extracts possess antimicrobial, antiproliferative, hypolipidemic, and antidiabetic properties. As a result, Scenedesmus pigments are promising components to be used in functional foods and nutraceuticals. Various cultivation strategies aim at increasing the pigment yield in Scenedesmus biomass. Two factors hinder the successful commercialization of Scenedesmus for pigment production: 1) pigment composition depends on the strain and cultivation conditions; 2) large-scale pigment cultivation and extraction are technically and economically complex. Further research is required to assess the safety and bioavailability of Scenedesmus pigments, as well as to improve industrial cultivation and extraction technologies.
KEYWORDS
Cultivation microalgae, Scenedesmus, natural colorants, bioactive compounds, antioxidants, carotenoids, chlorophyll, xanthophylls, lutein, β-carotene
Funding
The work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (agreement No. 075- 15-2024-672, September 18, 2024).
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