Glazov, Izhevsk, Russian Federation
The technique and results of an assessment of Abstractness of more than 20 modern school textbooks on biology, geography, physics and chemistry are considered by method of pair comparisons. Thus it is assumed that didactic complexity of the textbook is mainly determined by the level of Abstractness of the material stated in it and depends on: the variety and Abstractness of qualitative explanations, their isolation from everyday life (i); the complexity of mathematical methods and models, variety of the solved quantitative problems (ii). The levels of Abstractness of each textbook are determined, their distribution in two-dimensional space of attributes (i) and (ii) is studied. The received results allow to range textbooks on their didactic complexity.
didactics, qualimetry, mathematical methods, method of pair comparisons, pedagogy, pedagogical expertise, complexity, learning theory.
Уровень образования во многом определяется качеством используемого учебника,его сложностью и понятностью для ученика.Не следует путать сложность текста с количествомсодержащейся в нем информации, которая зависит от объема (количества слов, формул, рисунков). Существуют различные подходы к проблеме анализа учебных текстов, определения ихсложности, информативности и других характеристик [1, 4, 7]. В книге Я.А. Микка [8] выделяются следующие компоненты сложности текста:
· информативность;
· лингвистическая сложность;
· ясность структуры;
· абстрактность изложения [8].
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