Kemerovo, Russian Federation
The article discusses the retrospective of the "socialization" concept and defines the nature of the socialization process as an interdisciplinary field of study (philosophy, sociology, psychology, pedagogy). The idea of a two-way process of socialization is emphasized, in which social environment (culture, language, values, and norms of behavior) and active position of the personality with its age and individual peculiarities are considered important. The article features characteristics of two basic and fundamentally different approaches to the problem of socialization, namely adaptation and activity. The focus of attention is laid on the preschool stage of child development as a sensitive period of socialization of the younger generation. The leading role of the family and preschools in the process of familiarizing the child to social life is defined. The key aspects of the socialization of the preschool child are substantiated: activities (zone of actual development and zone of proximal development), communication and change types (situational and personal, situational and business, outside of situational – cognitive, outside of situational – personal), play activity. The problems concerning the communicative and play activities of a modern preschooler are defined.
rds: socialization, an interdisciplinary field of study, factors of socialization, preschool children, family, preschool educational institutions, play and communicative activities
