graduate student
Penza, Penza, Russian Federation
Penza, Penza, Russian Federation
FSBEI HE Penza STU (department «Technology of mechanical engineering», associate professor)
Penza, Penza, Russian Federation
Penza, Penza, Russian Federation
GRNTI 68.85 Механизация и электрификация сельского хозяйства
OKSO 35.02.07 Механизация сельского хозяйства
The aim of the research is to reduce pressure losses in the pneumatic system of the seeder with pneumatic sowing. In the production of seeders with pneumatic sowing one of the qualitative indicators of the technological process of pneumatic transportation of plant seeds and granules of oral fertilizers is the uniformity of the distribution of trans-ported bulk material from the bins with the dispenser of the sowing device to the unloading devices – nozzles of coulters. The task of distributing the material on the coulters is solved by the distributor. In the presence of trans-verse non-uniformity of feed of seeds is about 10% there is a risk of reducing productive activity of wheat to 1.0...1.5 t/ha. To ensure the quality of the specified material distribution in the design of the seeder is required to provide a number of quantitative terms. The change in the speed mode of movement of particles of bulk material affects not only the qualitative indicators of its distribution on coulters, but also the pneumatic resistance of the pneumatic con-veyor due to the turbulence of the flow, and the power consumption of the fan drive. Equations of pressure loss of pneumatic system are given. The results of the analysis of the 3D model pneumatic seeder pressure and flow rate. The flow rate at the beginning of the horizontal section of the pipe and the concentration of the sown material in the air product flow were changed in the simulation. The flow rate varied in the range of 15-25 m/s. The material con-centration varied in the range of 0-1.27 kg/kg of air. The regression equations of the average flow velocity over the sections of the pneumatic system, the fall of the static and total pressure are obtained. It is recommended to improve the design of the pneumatic system of seeders. The existing corrugated surface of the pipe does not fully cope with the task. The design of the vertical pipe requires additional structural elements that center the flow, both along the length of the pipe and at the inlet to the distributor.
seeder, flow, distributor, pipe, pneumatic system, simulation
1. Petrov, A. M., & Kryuchin, N. P. (2014). Razrabotka universalinoi pnevmaticheskoi seyalki dlia zernovykh, melkosemiannykh i trudnovysevaemykh kulitur [Desigh of universal pneumatic drill for grain, small seeds and diffi-cultly sowing crops]. Izvestiia Samarskoi gosudarstvennoi selskokhoziaistvennoi akademii - Bulletin Samara state agricultural academy, 3, 3-7 [in Russian].
2. Laryushin, N. P., & Machnev, A. V. (2015). Rezulitaty laboratornykh issledovanii soshnika s podpruzhinennym raspredelitelem i kopiruyushchim ustroistvom dna borozdy [Results of laboratory studies of a coulter with a spring-loaded dispenser and copying device for the]. Nauchnoe obozrenie - Scientific Review, 17, 33-39 [in Russian].
3. Machnev, A. V., Machnev, V. A., Horev, P. N., & Horev, A. N. (2014).Rezulitaty laboratornykh issledovanii vyse-vaiushchego apparata s nesimmetrichnym profilem zhelobkov katushki [Results of laboratory tests of the sowing device with the asymmetrical profile of fillets of the reel].Niva Povolzhiia - Niva Povolzhya, 2 (31), 76-84 [in Rus-sian].
4. Machneva, O. Yu., Kablukov, V. S., Kukharev, O. N., Machnev, A. V., & Machnev, V. A. (2018). Issledovanie vzaimodejstviia semian s raspredeliaiushchim i otrazhaiushchim ustroistvami [Research of the interaction of seeds with distributing and reflecting devices]. Vestnik Riazanskogo gosudarstvennogo agrotekhnologicheskogo universi-teta im. P. A. Kostycheva - Herald of Ryazan State Agrotechnological University Named after P.A. Kostycheva, 4 (40), 111-117 [in Russian].
5. Rakhimov, Z. S., Khlyzov, N. T., Rakhimov, I. R., Sidorchenko, D. V., & Galimov, A. N. (2017). Obosnovaniie parametrov pnevmaticheskoi sistemy transportirovaniia semian i udobrenii pochvoobrabatyvaiushchego pose-vnogo agregata [Parameters substantiation of pneumatic system for conveying seeds and fertilizes in tillage sowing unit]. APK Rossii - Agro-Industrial complex of Russia, 24, 1, 91-104 [in Russian].
6. Zmievskij, V. T. Domina, N. N., & Kazakov, L. B. (1985). Vliyaniie razlichii v vyseve otdelinymi apparatami na urozhajnost [The effect of differences in seeding by individual machines on yield]. Mekhanizatsiia i ehlektrifikatsiia seliskogo hoziaistva - Mechanization and electrification of agriculture, 5, 40-41 [in Russian].
7. Mudarisov, S. G., & Rakhimov, Z. S. (2014). Obosnovaniie parametrov dvukhfaznogo techeniia «vozdukh - semena» pri matematicheskom opisanii raboty pnevmaticheskoi sistemy zernovoi seyalki [Substuntiation of «air- seeds» two-phase flow parametres under mathematical descrip-tion of the work of pneumatic system of grain seeder].Vestnik Bashkirskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta - Vestnik Bashkir State Agrarian Universi-ty, 4, 85-91 [in Russian].
8. Kryuchin, N. P. (2008). Povysheniie ehffektivnosti raspredelitelino-transportiruiushchikh sistem pnevmatich-eskikh posevnykh mashin [Improving the efficiency of distribution and transport systems of pneumatic seeding ma-chines]. Samara: PC Samara SAA [in Russian].
9. Pyataev, M. V. (2013). Modelirovaniie parametrov turbulizatora pnevmaticheskogo raspredelitelia semian [Modeling the turbulence stimulator parameters of a pneumatic seed distributor]. Vestnik Cheliabinskoi GAA - Bul-letin of the Chelyabinsk SAA, 65, 50-55 [in Russian].
10. Davydov, S. Ya. (2016). Raschet pnevmotransporta shtuchnykh gruzov [Calculation of pneumatic transport piece objects]. Teoriia i praktika mirovoi nauki - Theory and practice of world science, 2, 54-59 [in Russian].
11. Kantaev, A. S., Brus, I. D., & Turaev, N. S. (2015). Raschet ustanovok pnevmotransporta [Calculation of pneumatic transport installations]. Tomsk: Publishing House of Tomsk polytechnic university [in Russian].
12. Lei X. et al. (2018). Numerical simulation of seed motion characteristics of distribution head for rapeseed and wheat. Computers and electronics in agriculture, 150, 98-109.
13. Lei X. et al. (2017). Simulation and experiment of gas-solid flow in seed conveying tube for rapeseed and wheat. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 3, 7.
