This paper examines the influence of bottom relief morphology on the accuracy and reliabil-ity of echolocation data during navigation in shallow water areas. The study focuses on the analysis of various types of seabed structures, such as sandy and silty bottoms, underwater elevations, and ridges, and their impact on acoustic signals. Echolocation error assessment is conducted using modern echo sounders operating across different frequency ranges (50–400 kHz). The causes of data distortion related to changes in bottom slope angles, substrate het-erogeneity, and dynamic processes in the water bodies are discussed. Recommendations are proposed for configuring echo sounders and employing adaptive data processing methods to enhance echolocation accuracy under complex relief conditions. The obtained results can be utilized for planning safe routes and improving navigation safety in shallow zones.
echolocation, bottom relief morphology, navigation, shallow water areas, acoustic signals, echolocation accuracy, measurement errors, frequency ranges, adaptive methods, safe routes
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