Иркутск, Иркутская область, Россия
The receiving antenna is an important part of a radio channel that requires electrodynamic approach in mathematical simulation of its characteristics. Since the invention of radio, and due to further theoretical studies of radio signal transmission, the following situation has arisen: researchers’ attention to receiving antennas is inversely proportional to the factor by which their number exceeds the number of transmitting antennas. We address the problem of building a receiving antenna electrodynamic model in terms of a waveguide representation of HF field. Structurally, the antenna is considered as metal wires of a finite length and arbitrary configuration. Current distribution in antenna is calculated using the long-line theory and normal-mode approach. The mathematical representation of the receiving antenna electrodynamic model is calculation expressions for receiving coefficients of normal modes. They reflect the effects of receiving antenna characteristics, including its directional pattern, on effectiveness of the incident HF field energy conversion into the energy of the driven current waves and final distribution of net current in antenna. These expressions are used to derive the expression to calculate the effective length of the receiving antenna. The obtained mathematical expressions of the receiving antenna electrodynamic model do not contradict the principle of antenna reciprocity. We present calculation formulas for the receiving coefficients and excitation of the isotropic antenna electromagnetic model.
HF field, receiving antenna, Earth — ionosphere waveguide, normal-mode approach
1. Aizenberg G.Z., Belousov S.P., Zhurbenko E.M., Kliger G.A., Kurashov A.G. Korotkovolnovye antenny [Shortwave antennas]. M .: Radio i Svyaz Publ. 1985, 536 p. (In Russian).
2. Altyntseva V.I., Ilyin N.V., Kurkin V.I., Orlov A.I, Orlov I.I., Polekh N.M., Ponomarchuk S.N., Khakhinov V.V. Modeling a decameter radiochannel based on normal-mode approach. Tekhnika sredstv svyazi [Technology of communications assets]. Ser. SS. Moscow, Ekos Publ., 1987, iss. 5, pp. 28-34. (In Russian).
3. Bremmer H. Terrestrial Radio Waves. Theory of Propagation. Amsterdam, 1949, 343 p.
4. Feinberg E.L. Rasprostranenie radiovoln vdol zemnoi poverkhnosti [Propagation of radiowaves along the terrestrial surface]. Moscow, USSR Academy of Sciences Publ., 1961, 548 p. (In Russian).
5. Khakhinov V.V. Calculation of current in receiving antenna in HF field generated by a series of normal modes. Issledovaniya po geomagnetizmu, aeronomii I fizike Solntsa [Res. on Geomagnetism, Aeronomy and Solar Physics]. 2000a, iss. 111, pp. 74-83. (In Russian).
6. Khakhinov V.V. Analyzing the HF field in the wave zone of the antenna using the normal-mode approach. Proc. VIII International Conference on Mathematical Methods in Electromagnetic Theory. IEEE: Kharkov, Ukraine, 2000b, pp. 298-300.
7. Khakhinov V.V. Electromagnetic model of the receiving antenna in terms of a waveguide representation of the HF field. Proc. IX International Conference on Mathematical Methods in Electromagnetic Theory. IEEE: Kiev, Ukraine, 2002, vol. 2, pp. 617-619.
8. Khakhinov V.V. The electrodynamical model of decameter radiochannel with isotropic receiving-transmitting antennas. Proc. X International Conference on Mathematical Methods in Electromagnetic Theory. IEEE: 04EX840. Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine. 2004, pp. 372-374.
9. Khakhinov V.V., Kurkin V.I. Waveguide approach to modeling of the ionosphere radio channel. Proc. of the XI International Conference on Mathematical Methods in Electromagnetic Theory. IEEE: 06EX1428, Kharkov, Ukraine. 2006, pp. 284-286.
10. Kurkin V.I., Khakhinov V.V. On excitation of a spherical Earth - ionosphere waveguide using arbitrary current distribution. Issledovaniya po geomagnetizmu, aeronomii I fizike Solntsa [Res. on Geomagnetism, Aeronomy and Solar Physics]. 1984, iss. 69, pp. 16-22. (In Russian).
11. Kurkin V.I., Orlov I.I., Popov V.N. Metod normalnykh voln v problem korotkovolnovoi radiosvyazi [Normal-Mode Approach in the Problem of HF Radio Communication]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1981, 121 p. (In Russian).
12. Kurkin V.I., Ilyin N.V., Penzin M.S., Ponomarchuk S.N., Potekhin A.P., Khakhinov V.V. Calculation of characteristics of normal modes in a decameter Earth - ionosphere waveguide. Certificate of Computer Program State Registration No. 2017613880 of 03.04.2017. (In Russian).
13. Lavrov G.A., Knyazev A.S. Prizemnye i podzemnye antenny [Near-Surface and Subsurface Antennas. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1965, 472 p. (In Russian).
14. Leontovich M.A. Izbrannye trudy. Teoreticheskaya Fizika [Selected works. Theoretical Physics]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1985, 432 p. (In Russian).
15. Ponomarchuk S.N., Ilyin N.V., Penzin M.S. Тhe model of radio wave propagation in 1-10 МHz frequency range on the base of normal wave technique. Solnechno-zemnaya fizika [Solar-Terrestrial Physics]. 2014, iss. 25, pp. 33-39. (In Russian).
16. Popov V.N., Potekhin A.P. Field structure of a pulse decameter signal in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide. Issledovaniya po geomagnetizmu, aeronomii I fizike Solntsa [Res. on Geomagnetism, Aeronomy and Solar Physics]. 1982, iss. 59, pp. 68-76. (In Russian).
17. Vainshtein L.A. Elektromagnitnye volny [Electromagnetic waves]. Moscow, Radio i Svyaz Publ. 1988, 440 p. (In Russian).
