Иркутск, Россия
Иркутск, Россия
Иркутск, Россия
Иркутск, Россия
Иркутск, Россия
Метод ТИМ (техника инверсии магнитограмм), разработанный в ИСЗФ СО РАН более сорока лет назад, до недавнего времени применялся только для Северного полушария Земли. В последние годы метод был усовершенствован и расширен для выполнения мгновенных расчетов двумерных распределений электрических полей, горизонтальных и продольных токов сразу в двух полярных ионосферах. Расчеты выполнялись на основе базы одноминутных данных наземных геомагнитных измерений мировой сети станций обоих полушарий (SuperMAG). В данной работе расширенный метод использован в приближении однородных проводимостей ионосфер и впервые апробирован в расчетах систем эквивалентных и продольных токов в двух полушариях на примере геомагнитной бури 17 августа 2001 г. Получен основной и принципиально важный результат: модернизированный метод ТИМ-ИСЗФ обеспечивает расчет крупномасштабных распределений ионосферной конвекции и продольных токов в северной N и южной S полярных ионосферах с высокой степенью ожидаемого межполушарного подобия этих распределений. На примере избранного события установлено, что полученные расширенным методом системы эквивалентных и продольных токов показывают ожидаемую динамику авроральных электроструй и полярных шапок в двух полушариях. Изменения интенсивностей токов Холла в полярных шапках и авроральных электроструях, рассчитанных из эквивалентной токовой функции, происходят достаточно синхронно в N- и S-полушариях в течение всей магнитной бури. При этом обе (западная и восточная) электроструи N-полушария заметно интенсивнее соответствующих электроструй S-полушария, а ток Холла в северной полярной шапке почти вдвое сильнее, чем в южной. Эта межполушарная асимметрия обусловлена, по-видимому, сезонным ходом проводимости, который в неявном виде содержится в токовой функции. На основе распределений продольных токов были определены границы авроральных овалов и рассчитаны магнитные потоки через полярные шапки в N- и S-полушариях. Эти магнитные потоки совпадают с точностью ~5 % и в ходе магнитной бури изменяются почти синхронно. При этом в N-полушарии магнитный поток в утренней части полярной шапки больше, чем в ее вечерней части, а в S-полушарии — наоборот. Эти асимметрии (утро–вечер и межполушарная) в полярных шапках согласуются с теорией пересоединения для ММП By>0 и со спутниковыми изображениями овалов полярных сияний; обе указанные асимметрии уменьшаются в ходе развития взрывной фазы суббури.
токовая функция, ионосферная конвекция, полярная шапка, авроральные электроструи, продольные токи, магнитные бури и суббури, асимметрия утро–вечер, межполушарная асимметрия
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